In article to flower growers recommendations about receiving a landing material by a method of a green cherenkovaniye are made.
For an estate decor
To receive a qualitative landing material and to multiply polyubivsheesya a plant, the skilled flower grower resorts to a cherenkovaniye. Seyogodnya we will in detail tell about a method of a green cherenkovaniye.
The basis of vegetative kornesobstvenny reproduction of plants – their natural ability in process rosta and developments to form (differencirovat) fabrics and bodies. Blagodarya to it also there are the processes causing restoration (regeneration) of bodies on separated parts of a plant at a cherenkovaniye. Ability to differentiation of priyodatochny roots at one types proyavlyaetsya it is easy (reproduction of such rasyoteniye by stem shanks comes easy), at others – it is expressed so poorly that it is difficult for revealing.
From all known today sposobov the cherenkovaniya is considered the most effekyotivny a green cherenkoyovaniye. Green shanks predstavlyayut itself oblistvenny parts of a stalk with one or several kidneys. For reproduction of many evergreen and listopadny wood plants ispolzuyut the escapes being in a soyostoyaniye of active vegetation and slightly odrevesnevshy. At the majority of types this phase of development of escapes prixoditsya for the summer period.
Terms of a cherenkovaniye should be strictly coordinated to a condition of escapes, they can change depending on the area, weather conditions of year and an agrotechnology of uterine nasazhdeyoniya. For many cultures optimum terms of a cherenkovaniye coincide with fayozy intensive growth of escapes or move for the end of this period. Coniferous plants of family cypress (thujas, junipers, tueviki, a cypress) it is expedient cherenkovat in nachale June. At many decorative kuyostarnik preparation of shanks for reproduction coincides from the flowering beginning: for example, rose and dogrose, meadow-sweet (vesennetsvetushchy types), chubushnik, deytsiya, honeysuckle, box, euonymus, barberry, lilac, kizilyyonik, svidina, skumpiya, vejgela.
Green shanks – it is razrezanyony on a part (length of 10-20 cm) escapes with one and more interstices. On cheyorenka of broad-leaved cultures (a hydrangea, a deytsiya, a chubushnik, a skumpiya, a lilac, a honeysuckle, a rose, vejgela, a forzitsiya, spireya) sheet plates shorten half for a transpiratsiya umenyyosheniye (evaporation vlagi). At coniferous breeds and a box zagotovlyayut shanks with a heel (separation).
The prepared shanks vysazhivayut in a shkolka. Classical option of a podyogotovka of a shkolka such – at first do deepening (40-60 cm) on which bottom fill a drainage (rubble, keramzit, construction garbage, etc. – a layer of 10-15 cm), then fill a substratum – the piyotatelny environment (thickness of a layer of 15-25 cm), consisting of humus, compost or peat. The substratum should be xorosho nontight for air and water, heatcapacious, rather sterile. From above a substratum fill krupnozeryonisty sterile river sand (a tolyoshchina of a layer of 15-20 cm). Land cheyorenka according to the scheme of 10×15 cm perpendikuyolyarno or under such inclination, that the top interstice with a leaf ostavalos over a soil surface.
It is necessary to note that for blagopoyoluchny rooting of green shanks it is necessary to provide moisture enough – relative humidity of 85 – 100 %. As cheyorenok still have no own roots and the main source of consumption of moisture is the leaf, sheet plastinka should be constantly uvlazhnenyony. For this purpose in stationary conditions use hothouses, hotbeds, plenochyony tunnels with application of tumanoobrazuyushchy installations. In house conditions it is possible to apply hotbeds, plastikoyovy bottles and packages. Regularly opryskiyovy (not less than 2 times a day) leaves of shanks, create for them sufficient moistening.
Korneobrazovaniye of shanks occurs at the expense of nutrients (polisaxaridy) which are formed in leaves in processe photosynthesis. In the summer at high temperature and according to a big inyotensivnost of light-emission leaves cherenkov can get a thermal burn (it is one of causes of death of shanks). That it to avoid, shkolka it is recommended razmeshhat in semi-shady places (North side of buildings, under crowns). Shkolka are arranged by Esyoli on open solar sites, covering inside zabelivayut by a lime or do shading of any make-shifts (branches, leaves).
Shanks of trudnoukorenyaemy cultures (A magoniya padubolisty, a skumpiya leathery, siren, a rose, ekzoxorda, a cornel) process (the bottom cut or a shank heel) fiziologicheski active substances (a charkor, fumar, heteroauxin, amber acid). Korneyoobrazovaniye at shanks occurs in techeyony 15-35 days, depending on a type of rasyoteniye, rooting conditions. For example, at a zhiyomolost kaprifol, spirei Douglas, a gortenyoziya treelike roots are formed within 15 – 20 days, and at a box evergreen, a juniper Cossack and thujas western – within 30-35 days.
As sign of rooting awakening and growth of sleeping kidneys can serve. At such cultures as a deytsiya rough, spireya Duyoglasa, spireya Bumalda, a honeysuckle kaprifol, tamariks four-staminate, this feature promotes receiving toyovarny saplings in a year of a cherenkovaniye. However at such cultures as a chubushnik, siren, a ginkgo dvulopastny, a skumpiya kozhisyoty, an elder red, a forzitsiya, etc., the korneyoobrazovaniye occurs in a different way.
After completion of process kornesobstvenny shanks are necessary for adapting for environmental conditions. For this purpose them zakalyayut for 7-10 days, reducing waterings and gradually increasing access of fresh air. Care of shanks consists at a distance weeds, watering, at a neobkhodiyomost – pest control and diseases.
Final stage of process – creation of optiyomalny conditions for a dorashchivaniye a root – own plants and their preservation. For this purpose kornesobstvenny shanks peresazhivayut in open soil where provide with it high-grade agrotechnical leaving. Conditions for a dorashchivaniye are necessary for selecting depending on terms of a cherenkovaniye and indiyovidualny features of a plant.
(On Ogorodnik magazine materials).