In article the description of a way of cultivation of saplings of a rose of a grade a Fallow deer developed by scientists of Institute of efiromaslichny plants is given. It is based on cultivation of saplings from root offsprings.
Due to burst in the 90th years of last century the economic crisis in Ukraine in the Crimea sharply reduced the areas under an efiromaslichny rose. However, in recent years the efiromaslichny rozovodstvo started to revive. In 2005-2006 in the Crimea 30 hectares of young plantings of a rose, and, generally a new highly productive grade the Fallow deer (a national standard of Ukraine) were planted. But thus producers had big difficulties with a landing material. The matter is that developed in the early nineties at Institute efiromaslichny and herbs (IELR) the intensive, highly effective way of cultivation of saplings of a rose efiromaslichny of green shanks in the conditions of an artificial fog, demands big capital investments in the form of stationary hothouses with heating, hotbeds, ridges, systems of an irrigation, tumanoobrazuyushchy installations which now the majority of farms has no.
However a problem of a landing material of a rose efiromaslichny razreshima cheaper way – cultivation of saplings from root offsprings of a kornesobstvenny rose of a grade the Fallow deer. One of biological features of this grade of an efiromaslichny rose is quite intensive growth in ranks and row-spacings of old and srednevozrastny plantations of root offsprings (2-6 pieces on 1 sq.m). Considering this biological feature of an efiromaslichny rose of a grade the Fallow deer, in IELR in 2004-2006 the low-expensive way of receiving saplings from root offsprings by a way of their dorashchevaniye in a pereshkolka within one vegetative period was developed.
Before landing her root offsprings were divided into three classes: 1) strong with thickness of elevated escapes of 6-8 mm, quantity of roots of 2-3 pieces in length of 7-10 cm; 2) averages with thickness of elevated escapes of 3-5 mm, quantity of roots of 1-2 pieces in length of 3-5 cm; 3) weak with thickness of elevated escapes of 3-6 mm without roots then landed in the first – the second decade of March in experience with row-spacings of 45 cm and distance among through 10-12 see. Care of offsprings in a pereshkolka consisted in loosening of the soil and a tsapovka of weeds, and also watering for NV maintenance in an arable layer of earth during vegetation at level of 80-85 %.
Dug out the saplings of the rose which have been grown up in experience from root offsprings at the end of October. At vykopke them divided into classes: 1 and II according to GOST 3577-89 requirements Saplings of a rose efiromaslichny. Specifications: saplings of the I-st class should have: number of skeletal escapes – not less than 3 pieces, thickness of a root neck – not less than 10 mm, quantity of the main roots – not less than 3 pieces, length of root system – not less than 15 see. Saplings of II – go a class should have: number of skeletal escapes – not less than 2 pieces, thickness of a root neck – not less than 7 mm, quantity of the main roots – not less than 2 pieces, length of root system – not less than 12 see.
In the course of development of this way of receiving saplings one more biological feature of this rose – root offsprings of different quality of this grade (strong, average was established and weak) possess, at the corresponding leaving at a dorashchivaniye, almost identical high ability to rooting. The exit of the taken roots saplings, at their dorashchivaniye in a pereshkolka made: from strong root offsprings – the I-st class – 63,0 %, II go a class of-25,0 %, all in the sum – 88,0 %; from average root offsprings – the I-st class – 53,3 %, II go a class – 31,1 %, all in the sum – 84,4 %; from weak root offsprings – the I-st class – 52,8 %, the II-nd class – 27,8 %, all in the sum – 80,6 %.
This way of cultivation of saplings of a rose is twice cheaper than their receiving from green shanks at which prime cost of 1 sapling makes 0,94 UAH.
Thus, for cultivation of kornesobstvenny saplings of a rose efiromaslichny grades the Fallow deer are suitable, as strong, average, and weak root offsprings. However, after all it is more expedient to use for these purposes, first of all, strong and average root offsprings.
V. Pokryshchenko, candidate of agricultural sciences, leading research associate (IELR), V. Zolotilov, younger research associate (IELR). Institute efiromaslichny and UAAN herbs. 95493, Simferopol, Kiyevskaya St., 150.