In article there is a speech about a situation created with resources of water in an autonomy.
The author speaks about problems and ways of their permission, focusing attention to need of financing from the State budget and the republican budget of the Crimea.
WATER IN the CRIMEA
Predicted resources of underground waters of the Crimea make 483,9 million m3. The approved stocks make 90 % of look-ahead resources of underground waters. On stocks their Crimea also belongs to needy regions.
And if to consider discrepancy of a natural water mode to intra annual distribution of a river drain and to water consumption of the main consumers, water use strategy in the Crimea will demand essential specification.
At the same time we constructed the powerful water economic complex focused generally on an external source of water supply – a river drain of Dnepr which moves on system of the North Crimean channel which total length – 465 km, including across the Crimea – 375 km. The total water intake keeps in recent years at level 1,2-1,7 km3 in a year.
Dneprovsky water supplies the cities of Kerch, Feodosiya, Simferopol, the Pike perch, rural settlements, she moves and on an irrigation. About 84 % of total amount of fresh water in the Crimea are made by the dneprovsky.
Gross requirements in it of the population and branches of economy made in 2005 of 1539,0 million m. These requirements with a water intake from fresh superficial sources (92,7 %), including with SKK (84,7 %), the underground horizons (7,0 %), from the sea (0,3 %), at the expense of attraction of water in turnaround systems of water supply (20,5 %) are satisfied. In this regard the Committee on water economic construction and irrigated agriculture of Council of ministers of the Autonomous Republic Crimea gave special attention to filling of bulk reservoirs of drinking appointment by it dneprovsky water as they remain while the unique guaranteed source of water supply of the cities of Simferopol, Kerch, Feodosiya, the Pike perch, the Old Crimea, settlements of Lenin and Kirov areas. At the plan of filling of 69,4 million m3 70,6 million m3 are actually gone in them (101,7 %) that allowed to provide due sanitarno – an epidemiological situation during a resort season. For water supply of the population of Sevastopol 5,99 million m3 of underground water from the Vilensky water intake are transferred.
It is necessary to note that the problem of providing the population of the Crimea water, and first of all qualitative drinking, is extremely difficult and today isn’t solved in full, especially in the rural zone. Security with the centralized water supply in the rural zone makes 75 – 80 %, and in some places doesn’t exceed 50 – 70 %. During the summer period of year when the number of vacationers in 3-4 times exceeds number of locals, in droughty years of the city and resort settlements feel a sharp lack of water. Thus in summer months specific consumption decreases to 100-120 liters per day on 1 one person.
The population of many villages of the Crimea is compelled to use for drinking needs water of the raised mineralization (to 4,5 g/l). The systems of water supply constructed in the seventies in shallow areas – Lenin system, It is old – the Crimean and Razdolnensky group water supply systems, serve 62 settlements with a total number of the population of 82,2 thousand people.
At the general deficiency of water causes concern increase in volume of losses it in housing and communal services networks: in comparison with 2004 in the 2005th the volume of losses increased by 9,66 million m3. Losses of the drinking cleared water in water supply systems made: in PPVKX Simferopol – 30,7 %, in PPVKX Feodosiya – 15,3 %, PPVKX, Yalta – 29,4 % and PPVKX Belogorsk – 48 % from the general fence.
Unlike the general tendency designated in Ukraine, in the Crimea with a growth in volumes of water use the increase in dumpings of the polluted drains is observed also. In 2005 they made 82,65 million m3 or 93,6 % to level of 2004.
Besides, installation at the small enterprises and the organizations of treatment facilities of the BIOTAL type after which, according to the project, the cleared drain in full should be reused on watering recently practises. The Crimean basseynovy management of water resources during checks repeatedly found violations of the design decision.
It is necessary to note that the legislation of Ukraine provided the softest measures of impact on the violators dumping polluted sewage in water objects. So, the maximum penalty on the public official for excess of maximum permissible dumping (PDS) of polluting substances in water objects makes 136 UAH. For an example: calculations of the damage put to the state owing to pollution of water objects on Lenin RP VKH, made 468,41 UAH., and on Feodosiysky PPVKX, for 40-fold excess of standards for dumping of the weighed substances, 1421,28 UAH,
The water economic organizations of Committee on water economic construction and irrigated agriculture and the Crimean basseynovy management of water resources in 2005 carried out 1921 checks of the enterprises – water users, revealed 853 violations of the water legislation, involved in administrative responsibility of 385 public officials.
For the solution of existing problems it is necessary to provide financing from the State and Republican budgets within these Programs.
E.Shkolyarenko, chief specialist of department of the state accounting of use of waters.