In article it is paid attention of the reader to features of cultivation of a soya in rice crop rotations: grades, herbicides, fertilizers are recommended.
The characteristic recommended for cultivation in a zone of the steppe of grades of a soya.
Authors tell about features of grades, ayerobitsionny signs, biological and quality indicators, average productivity recommended for cultivation in a zone of the steppe of grades of a soya Annushka, Dion, the Medea, Znakhidka, Currency, Emerald, Anniversary.
The CHARACTERISTIC RECOMMENDED FOR CULTIVATION IN the ZONE of the STEPPE of GRADES WITH Ї
The soya is the good predecessor of fig. According to experiences of all-union scientific research institute of rice on the average in three years the rice crop after a soya was same, as well as after a lucerne. In a number of risoseyushchy regions of Odessa region a soya started to cultivate on rice checks.
In KSP "Frontier guard" of the Kiliysky area on separate checks the crop of a soya of Arcady the Odessa reached 35 c/hectares. Place it on checks where level of ground waters isn’t higher than 40-50 cm from a surface of the soil and there is no flooding. In rice crop rotations it is necessary to cultivate early riper grades: Arcady Odessa and Altair.
Because of strong distribution on checks of cereal weeds (a prosyanka, klubnekamysh) special value gets suppression them on soya crops. The excellent effect here gives Pivot whom bring after soya shoots in mass emergence of weed plants. In JSC Mayak of the Kiliysky area successfully apply new herbicide of Galaksi the Top in a dose of 2,5 l/hectares after emergence of shoots of a soya.
As soils of rice checks differ low fertility, the nitraginizatsiya of seeds is an indispensable condition of big crops. Productivity of a soya on rice checks when using nitragina increases on 5,0-8,4 c/hectares. Application of one fertilizers, even in high doses, was less effective, than an inokulyatsiya of seeds (productivity of 20-22 c/hectares). Phosphoric fertilizers should be brought in the autumn under plowing.
THE CHARACTERISTIC RECOMMENDED FOR CULTIVATION IN THE ZONE OF THE STEPPE OF GRADES OF THE SOYA
ANNUSHKA
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. The grade of semi-determinant type of growth, a bush is compressed. Height of plants – 80-120 cm, omission of a stalk and beans dark gray, podsemyadolnon a knee violet. An inflorescence – a multifloral brush, violet. Seeds averages (mass of 1000 seeds – 110-155 g), ovate-roundish, yellow. The grade is characterized by the increased quantity of beans on a plant and seeds in beans in comparison with other grades. Analogs a new grade "Annushka" on precocity among domestic and foreign grades aren’t present, he is absolutely reliable predecessor for winter crops.
Biological features. Ultroskorospely (the vegetative period – 75-80 days). The full maturity comes in the first decade of August. It is not enough plant vetvyatsya, the main crop form on the main stalk therefore the grade needs the increased density of standing of plants and bigger norm of seeding of seeds. Plants of a grade are steady against drowning, have high field stability to diseases.
Quality indicators: a squirrel – 40-42 %, fat – 18-21 %. Average productivity – 29,0 c/hectares.
DION
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. Grade of semi-determinant type of growth, bush poluszhat. Height of plants – 80-110 see Opusheniye of a stalk and beans a white, podsemyadolny knee green. Color of a flower the white. Seeds averages (mass of 1000 seeds – 115-145 g), ovate-roundish, light yellow, suitable for the food purposes.
Biological features. Ultroskorospely (the vegetative period – 80-90 days). The full maturity comes in the second half of August, therefore this grade the good predecessor for winter crops. Plants of a grade are steady against diseases, drowning, an obsypaniye, well react to fertilizers and an irrigation.
Quality indicators: a squirrel – 38-40 %, fat – 20-21 %. Average productivity – 26,9 c/hectares.
MEDEA
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. The grade is characterized as high-yielding and high-quality. Grade of determinant type of growth, bush compact, omission of a stalk and beans the white. Height of plants – 80-120 cm, height of a laying of beans of the bottom circle – 12-14 see. Beans white, seeds large (mass of 1000 seeds – 150-218 g), oval, color light yellow, suitable for the food purposes.
Biological features. The grade belongs to very early (the vegetative period – 85-95 days). The full maturity comes in the third decade of August therefore he is the reliable predecessor for winter crops. Plants of a grade have high field stability to a bacteriosis, fuzariozu, a virus disease and to drowning.
Quality indicators: protein contents – 38-40 %, fat – 23-24 %. Average productivity – 29 c/hectares.
znakh_dka
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. Height of plants 100-150 see. A grade not determinant type, a bush form – poluszhata. Opusheniye of a stalk and beans white, podsemyadolny knee green. Color of a flower the white. Seeds large (mass of 1000 seeds of 170-225 g), oval, light yellow, ideally suitable in the food industry.
Biological features. Early (the vegetative period – 100-105 days), not determinant type of growth. The full maturity comes after August 25 therefore use of this grade as the predecessor for winter grain crops is possible. Plants of a grade are steady against diseases, well react to fertilizers.
Quality indicators: a squirrel – 39-40 %, fat – 22-23 %. Average productivity – 28,0 c/hectares.
CURRENCY
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. The grade is characterized as the high-yielding high-quality. Use direction – grain and zernoukosny.
Grade of nederminantny type, bush poluszhat, omission of a stalk of plants and beans bright red. Height of plants – 110-150 cm, height of a laying of beans of the bottom circle – 14-17 see. Beans red, seeds averages (mass of 1000 seeds – 115-150 g), suitable for the food purposes.
Biological features. The grade Currency belongs to early (the vegetative period – 100-112 days). The full maturity comes in the first decade of September. Plants of a grade have high field stability to a bacteriosis, fuzariozu, to virus diseases and drowning. Beans are steady against cracking. The grade well reacts to an irrigation and fertilizers.
Quality indicators. Contents in seeds: a squirrel – 40-41 %, fat – 21-22 %. Average productivity – 28 c/hectares.
THE EMERALD
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. The grade is characterized as the high-yielding high-quality. Use direction – grain and zernoukosny. Grade of nederminantny type, bush poluszhat, omission of a stalk of plants and beans the dark-brown. Height of plants – 110-150 cm, height of a laying of beans of the bottom circle – 15-17 see. Beans darkly brown, seeds averages (mass of 1000 seeds – 110-150 g), roundish, suitable for the food purposes.
Biological features. The grade Emerald belongs to srednerosly (the vegetative period – 110-120 days). The full maturity comes at the end of the second decade of September. Plants of a grade have high field stability to a bacteriosis, fuzariozu, to virus diseases and drowning. Beans are steady against cracking. The grade well reacts to an irrigation and fertilizers.
Quality indicators. Contents in seeds: a squirrel – 40-42 %, fat – 20-21 %. Average productivity – 28 c/hectares.
THE ANNIVERSARY
Features of a grade and aprobatsionny signs. Grade of determinant type, bush poluszhat. Height of plants – 90-120 cm, omission of a stalk and beans white. Seeds averages (mass of 1000 seeds – 130 – 170 g), roundish, yellow, suitable for the food purposes.
Biological features. Serednespely (the vegetative period – 115-125 days). The full maturity comes in the second decade of September. Plants of a grade are absolutely steady against drowning, cracking of beans, have high field stability to diseases, well react to fertilizers and an irrigation.
Quality indicators. Contents in seeds: a squirrel – 39-41 %, fat – 20-21 %. Average productivity – 32 c/hectares.
E.Turin, candidate of agricultural sciences, senior research associate of laboratory of plant growing and kormoproizvodstvo of the Crimean institute of agroindustrial production of UAAN, R. Monich, director of scientifically selection and seed-growing firm Soya century.