In this article it is told about how registration of grades of grapes is carried out. Besides, new dining rooms and technical grades for their cultivation in the Crimea are noted.
Since 2005 in a sortoizucheniye of grapes and all long-term cultures the new approach promoting elimination of negative influence of a factor of time for their kommertsionny turn is developed.
In the majority of the countries – members of the union of unitary enterprises - the international union on protection of the rights to grades of the plants which member also is Ukraine, registration of the rights to grapes and all fruit and berry cultures is carried out according to the applicant.
Thus, in one year the grade turns from biological object into intellectual property for which use the owner can receive means in the form of a royalty.
Registration of grades of grapes is carried out on certain vinogradarsky zones according to soil climatic conditions. In Ukraine of such zones is 15, from them with 1 on 6 are located in the Crimea.
The register of grades of the plants suitable for distribution in Ukraine for 2008 includes 118 grades of grapes, from them for cultivation in the Crimea – 92 grades of which the fourth part is made by table grades. Only for the last 3 years the Register replenished with more than thirty grades of the table and technical direction, otselektirovanny with scientists of national institute of grapes and Magarach wine, scientific vnedrencheskoj Ampelos firm, national scientific center Wine growing and winemaking institute of Tairov. These are table grades: Assol, Livady, Intervitis Magaracha’s Muscat, Yalta seedless, Oat-flakes. Technical grades: Gurzufsky pink, Livadiysky black, Muskat Golodrigi, Risus, Bukovinka, Black opiana and many other. Since 2008 are entered into the Register an early table grade Flora – the Odessa selection, and also technical grades of Magarach institute: To Gviyen, Garnet Magaracha, Memories of Golodrigi, Krasen.
New grades have merits and demerits. To new grades (hybrid, clonal and complex and steady) it is not so obligatory to enter the competition to classical technical grades. They should occupy the niche in the Crimean winemaking. It is necessary to send the most part of new grades to a steppe zone where it is possible to make cheap and at the same time high-quality wines of them. It, as a rule, wine of mass demand for our rather poor consumer, whose money also makes a basis of economy of branch of wine growing and winemaking. As shows the analysis, the most demanded technical grades are Pino black, Sauvignon, the Riesling, Merlot, Cabernet Sauvignon, Traminer pink, the Muscat white, Chardonnay, the Muscat ottonel. Saplings of these grades deliver from France and Italy the farms which are carrying out a laying of young vineyards.
It is necessary to stop also on such moment, as an exception of grades of the Register. They can be deduced for various reasons: because of low economic indicators in comparison with new grades; not demands in production; disagreement of the applicant of a grade on its further maintenance in the Register. Such situation arose with grapes grade Delight which was in the Register till 2005, and then was deduced, since on its distribution there was no confirmation of a consent of the Russian applicant – Wine growing and winemaking institute of I.Ya.Potapenko. In 2008 the consent of the author is received, and the grade in the Register is restored. Except it, also nebezizvestny grades Moldova and the Suruchensky white are restored.
The state Register of grades of the plants suitable for distribution in Ukraine – the main document to which it is necessary to refer choosing a grade. According to laws of Ukraine About protection of the rights to grades of plants, About seeds and a landing material. To extend the grades which have not been included in the Register, it is forbidden.
Great I.V.Michurin noted: … now wine growing can be considered as one of the strongest bases of an agricultural condition of those people which are engaged in it.
Scientific and practical conference A condition and prospects of development of wine growing in the AR Crimea agro-industrial complex confirmed that in the Crimea there are a lot of the experts not indifferent to destiny of the Crimean wine growing. Their efforts, by means of representatives of a science and support of the Crimean government it is created and the civilized market of grades of grapes continues to be improved.
A.Zakalichnaya, the chief of the State center of examination of grades of plants of ARK with the state inspectorate for protection of the rights to grades of plants of ARK.