In a note it is told about means of mechanization for cleaning of onions, carrots and other table root crops offered by the Ukrainian vegetable company (UVC). Their application provides high economic efficiency of production of vegetables.
UDC 631
Cleaning of vegetables is the most labor-intensive engineering procedure of cultivation of vegetable cultures. The main part of labor costs which can make about 60 % is the share of its carrying out. The Ukrainian vegetable company (UVC) offers effective cars of leading West European producers that gives the chance to mechanize harvesting of these cultures at the minimum expenses of work for cleaning of onions, carrots and other table root crops.
For excavation of onions turnip and its laying in it is shaky for ripening and field drying of UVC offers lukokopatel of the OD series, and for selection of wolves, onions loading in a body of vehicles – RC series loaders. Thanks to original design features of digging-out body of a lukokopatel, minimum possible hit of the cut layer of earth together with onions on separating working bodies is provided that, on the one hand, gives the chance to apply such cars even on heavy soils, and with another – to ideal sifting of lots, decrease in a travmirovaniye of bulbs and more complete separation of impurity of lots. All this provides the best conditions for fast drying of onions.
During movement of a kopatel we weed skating rinks of an automatic regulator of depth of a podkapyvaniye copy a relief of a field and support necessary depth of a course of undermining body from which by means of rubber blades the soil with bulbs goes on the first separating conveyor of lots with a chetyrekhlopastny voroshilnik where the main part of the soil collapses and sifted. After that onions and lumps of the earth which remained, move on the second separating conveyor with an adjustable intensification of working process where all other lumps of the earth from onions which at the final stage are formed in separate are shaky by means of a plastic valkoukladyvatel with the special directing regulated on width.
For a skashivaniye of a feather of onions on a root before harvesting special obrezchik of the tops of vegetable which application essentially reduces mass of the most vlagoyemky component of lots of onions that is especially important at a single-phase way of its cleaning are offered.
For the mechanized cleaning of carrots and other table root crops with the developed tops of vegetable use cars of zakhvatny type which provide office of a tops of vegetable, the soil and impurity and loading of root crops in vehicles. Cars are characterized by the lowered level of damage of the root crops, the improved office of impurity in the form of a free tops of vegetable and the earth from lots of root crops. During car movement botvopodjemnik form a tops of vegetable in a bunch and direct to the fascinating device. At the same time with it the undermining adaptation loosens the soil under a ryadok. Fascinating devices grasp carrots for a tops of vegetable, extend it from the soil and submit root crops to a separator of a tops of vegetable which levels carrots on height and cuts off a tops of vegetable.
The separated tops of vegetable is taken out by the conveyor through dumping tray on a surface of the cleaned field, and root crops through system of conveyors get in body of vehicles which move nearby. Regulation of a separator of a tops of vegetable provides length of a cut of stalks on heads of root crops which even at long-term storage in storages keep high quality.
The mechanized cleaning of onions, carrots and other table root crops with use of offered means provides performance of engineering procedure with the minimum travmirovaniye of fruits and considerably increases labor productivity at essential reduction of terms of cleaning. Thanks to what high economic efficiency of production of vegetables is provided.
(On Propozits_ya magazine materials).