In article the characteristic of hybrids of a cucumber of Komponist and Presto is given. Also recommendations about cultivation of these hybrids in the conditions of the opened and closed soil are provided.
Recently well was recommended by krupnobugorchaty early ripe hybrids of a cucumber of Komponist and Presto at cultivation in the conditions of the opened and protected soil on a lane
Recently well was recommended by krupnobugorchaty early ripe hybrids of a cucumber of Komponist and Presto at cultivation in the conditions of the opened and protected soil on a lane.
These are partenokarpichesky hybrids of a cucumber with very high fruitful potential. Density of landing of 2,8-3,2 plants on sq.m. The fructification beginning in 38-40 days after mass shoots. In each bosom of a leaf it is formed 2-3 zavyazi, on lateral escapes the quantity of the zavyazy increases. Plants silnorosly, are characterized by good recycling ability, high stability to the real mealy dew, tolerance to peronosporozu and VOM (a virus of a cucumber mosaic). Fruits in length of 10-12 cm, dark green coloring with short light strips, a surface their krupnobugorchaty with white coloring of thorns, have very high pickling qualities. The attractive type of fruits and universal type of use allow to grow up these hybrids for ensuring all requirements of the market, both in fresh production, and for processing. In these hybrids all properties which are shown to a cucumber by producers and consumers are ideally connected.
These hybrids don’t demand special costs of formation of plants as the period of cultivation of gherkins is insignificant and the most part of a crop collect from the central stalk. The central stalk conduct to a lane without lateral escapes, deleting stepsons and zavyazi in the first interstices to height of 40-50 cm depending on a condition of plants and terms of their cultivation. Further the quantity of the zavyazy isn’t normalized. The main escape prishhipyvayut under a lane, also is left by 2-3 lateral stepsons (continuation escapes) who plant on a lane. Other escapes of the 1st and 2nd order prishhipyvayut over the 4th leaf. The quantity zavyazy on lateral escapes regulates a plant independently.
Harvesting is recommended to be carried out daily. Growth of fruits at length stops at achievement of the size of 11-12 cm by them, and their intensive growth at width begins. Optimum for collecting their diameter – 3-3,5 see. If on a plant there are overages, is considerably reduced having poured the following fruits, and also the general productivity decreases. Depending on requirements of the market the size and their average weight can change considerably, but optimum, for obtaining the highest productivity the average weight should be within 85-95 grams.
During cultivation of hybrids in the protected soil, especially during the summer period, it is very heavy to maintain a temperature mode at level of optimum values. It is desirable to aspire to air temperature and soil maintenance in the following limits:
Optimum temperature mode at cultivation of hybrids of a cucumber in an aestivo-autumnal turn
The strong root system allows these hybrids to transfer well high temperature to an initial stage of development, and also gives high force of growth. During the period when the central stalk reaches a lane, for amicable growth of lateral escapes it is recommended to reduce night temperature to 160S for 3-7 days. Such fall promotes also to education strong to the zavyazy.
Distinctive feature of these hybrids – very high efficiency therefore introduction of the raised doses of fertilizers is required. During vegetation a food of plants correct by means of root and extra root podkormok solution of water-soluble mineral fertilizers.
Prior to the beginning of fructification increase a nitric food the content of nitrogen was higher, than potassium. During fructification on the contrary increase specific value of potassium.
The recommended maintenance of elements of a food (mg/l).
Considering that cucumber fruits for 95 % consist of water, big crops it is necessary to expect only under condition of a sufficient water food. Optimum humidity of the soil should be in limits 80-85%HB, and relative humidity of air of 90 %. And it is very important not to allow sharp fluctuations of soil and air humidity, and to support it whenever possible at an optimum level during the whole vegetative period constantly. The mode of watering should be differentiated depending on illumination conditions. To begin watering it is better in 1-2 hours after sunrise, to finish – in 2-3 hours prior to sunset. The maximum quantity of water to submit at lunch o’clock.
In the advanced farms use of modern technology of cultivation of a cucumber on a drop irrigation provides productivity of culture in open soil to 100 Ô¡/hectare and in the protected soil on solar heating - 250-280 Ô¡/hectare.
In system of protection of cucumber plants from harmful organisms, especially in the protected soil, the biological method should occupy an important place. This use entomofagov (Enkarziya, fitosejulyus, afidius, etc.) and antibiotics, antagonists of causative agents of diseases (trixodermin, bitoksibacillin, planriz, nematofagin). At their complex timely use it is possible to avoid completely chemical processings and to receive non-polluting production.
Along with it increases natural resistance of plants to wreckers and diseases observance of the recommended modes of cultivation: crop rotation (kulturooborot), density of landing, humidity and air temperature, soils, balanced food.
Only accurate performance of optimum conditions of cultivation guarantees receiving big crops.
G. TSYPLYAK.