In this publication the adaptation characteristic for cleaning of a rape of PZR brand, technical features of cleaning, technical characteristics of PZR – 6 is given, to PZR – 6-01, by PZR – 6-02 and their features.
Reorganization 2002
Cejchas in Ukraine appears more and more wishing to be engaged in cultivation of such profitable culture, as a rape. Naturally, peasants have purely technical question: what adaptations for rape cleaning exist? Such adaptations set. One of the most popular and modern – PZR.
The adaptation for rape cleaning marki PZR
The adaptation prednaznayocheno for rape cleaning sposoyoby a direct kombaynirovaniye also is aggregated with shnekovy harvesters of domestic and imyoportny combines. It naveshivaetsya on bokoviny harvesters that prevents peremeshcheyony adaptations in the course of work and provides its nayodezhny fixing. The adaptation consists from: the strong steel frame extending a desktop of a harvester on 750 mm (with width of capture from 5 to 7.9 m); lateral active in deliteyoly height of 1297 mm with mekhaniyochesky system of a drive besyopaltsevy cutting) the device, serving for division of the mown weight from not mown; the cutting device with a Shumacher type special knife.
PZR reduces rape losses at its cleaning and effectively under any weather conditions. Productivity and speed of work corresponds to a proizvoyoditelnost and speed of work of a harvester of the combine. It is aggregated with combines: "Don-1500", Don Vector, Don Lang, "Field", "Slavutich", "Yenisei", Glaas Mega, ClaasJQpminator, Cese, etc.
PZR-6
This adaptation for cleaning of seeds of a rape is mounted on a grain harvester with width of capture of 6 m (PZR-6). Updatings of a rape table can primenyatsya also on grain zhatke with width of capture of 7 m (PZR – 6-01) and on ZhU-6 kombajna "Don-1500" (PZR – 6-02). Work is based on a principle of a cut of a rape by the cutting device and cellular active dividers with the subsequent obmoloty it in a thresher kombajna.
Feature PZR-6 that on a product more reliable independent hydraulic actuator vertical noyozhy on left and right bokovinax with the hydropump is applied. Thus on left bokovine the drive of knifes can otklyuchatsya and get into gear if necessary a vypolneyoniya prokosov. At an adaptation hinge plate for rape cleaning on a grain harvester neobxodima its elementary completion. The adaptation allows to harvest a rape without loss.
Technical features of cleaning
The rape can be cleaned both separate way, and a direct kombaynirovaniye. But a separate way more reyosursoyemkiya therefore in sovreyomenny farms it any more don’t apply. A direct kombaynirovaniye a rape clean at approach of a technological maturity when humidity zeren reached 10-14 %. Cleaning at humidity is lower than 10 % not rekomenduetsya because of big poter. And at humidity of grain more than 14 % sharply increase costs of drying.
Losses of seeds are considerably reduced if the combine is equipped with a passive divider or a lateral knife and an udlineyonny floor of a harvester. Use extended cutting apparata, a so-called rape table helps also. Only by means of a rapsoyovy table the seeds which are jumping out from pods at cutting of stalks, get to a harvester, instead of on the earth.
Time of cleaning comes when seeds reach ripeness on all length a rasteyoniya. Unlike zernoyovy cultures, the rape is well threshed also at night that gives the chance round the clock, ispolzovat to the technician. After rape maturing ubrat a crop it is necessary very quickly. Delay at least per day gives to considerable an osypayoniya of grains. It is necessary to consider that when using extension piece by a razyomer from 40 to 60 cm the crop raises for 20-30 %.
In the market are presented razyolichny rape cutting apparaty. Application of the univeryosalny allows smoothly udlinyat or to shorten a tray of devices directly from a combine cabin. Moving bokoyovy knifes reduce a shake-up of crops passing ryayody by car because the cutting device practically cuts out for itself "cloth" which is cleaned.
To cut off plants follows on the bottom level, just where there are bottom pods. It allows to lower load of a thresher and to raise a proyoizvoditelnost. Such obrayozy, damp parts of stalks aren’t cut off, remaining in the earth that gives the chance not dopustit repeated moistening semyan.
Some can object that this approach not so effektiven. But if to consider the subsequent drying, otkazyvatsya from this approach neyorazumno, after all he allows to lower costs of it strongly. Besides, it is possible to buy dopolniyotelno sootvetstvuyuyoshchy equipment for eddish processing.
On cleaning of a rape the reel doesn’t follow, it isn’t necessary for it in principle. To move the combine across the field should on a high skoyorost. 1 % shouldn’t exceed Poyoteri.
It is necessary to give special attention to cleaning by a direct kombaynirovaniye of polegshy crops of a rape. Here cleaning should be carried out on a vozmozhyonost against the poyoleganiye direction. Turns of a drum are exposed at level of 400-600 rpm depending on height and humidity, a deck sravyonitelno widely opens (about 30 mm). Too vysoyoky turns can entail negayotivny consequences: soloma it is strongly crushed that leads to a contamination of sieves.
Fan adjustment has great value. To adjust it it is possible thus: when pods and polova hardly popadayut on the top sieve, instead of are taken out from the reshetny block, on such speed and it is necessary to stop.
At hit of a green part of plants there will be a repeated moistening. To stop additional moistening, it is necessary to increase speed of passing of obmolayochivayemy weight through molotilku. It becomes by strong opening decks and small increase of turns of a drum and the fan, and then a sieve priotkryvaniye. Thus nuzhyono to increase speed a dvizheyoniya to admissible size and all the time to supervise poteri for the solomotryasy.
When cleaning by a direct kombayyonirovaniye there can be following problems:
– high humidity of seeds leads to increase in expenses at drying;
– late obmolot because of neusyotoychivy weather can lead to considerable losses from – for cracking of pods;
- on the littered areas is at a loss obmolot, uvelichivayutsya losses;
- the damp mass of plants and weeds slows down operation of the combine and does impossible obmolot in the evening.
Non-uniform maturing of a rape which leads to cracking of pods, involves considerable poteri seeds. For reduction their crops it is possible podvergat for a desikatsiya, it chastichyono will balance humidity struchkov on the central stalk and boyokovy branches, let’s a vozmozhyonost begin cleaning for 7-10 days earlier.
On newspaper materials To Fermerska hospodariate.