Article acquaints the reader with a past in the Belogorsky area the first Crimean festival of sheep breeders.
Not so long ago in the Zakarpatye small town Rakhov came to the end a festival Huzul sheep cheese. Huzuls arrange this annual two-day action here throughout several centuries in honor of return of shepherds with flocks of sheep from high-mountainous pastures-polonin. For a holiday there come sheep breeders from all over the world, and these two days Rakhov turns into a beehive: the people dressed in national clothes, taste different grades of sheep cheese, buy the covers made of wool, and also regale on national dishes from mutton. The holiday begins with razvesely melodies of trembitas and mandolines.
Participants of the first Crimean festival of sheep breeders Taurian fleeces-2007, passing on October 26-27 in the village Flower the Belogorsky area, met the modern melodies which are breaking off loudspeakers in local club. As the organizer of a holiday the Association of sheep breeders and kozovodov Ukraine acted with support of the Ministry of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea and tsvetochnensky rural Rustam Useinova’s heads. Opening of a festival began with acquaintance with an exposition of The scientific and exposition center of development of sheep breeding.
Well the tsigaysky looked …
On a small clearing near recreation center of 10 sheep-breeding farms broke demonstration shelters here everyone could familiarize with various types and breeds of the sheep delivered in Flower from the different regions of the Crimea and the South of Ukraine. It and sheep champions of askaniysky tonkorunny breed from plemzavod Red shepherd, tsigaysky sheep of the Crimean type from plemzavod "Black Sea", sheep of the same tsigaysky breed, but from plemzavod "Nice". Besides these large breeding centers, the animals on a festival brought also smaller sheep-breeding associations, including "Kovalenko’s" farm of the Saksky area. Young smiling Evgeny and Karina Kovalenko, heads of this economy, nearly 10 years worked with tsigaysky breed, and in 2004 passed to the askaniysky black-headed.
- Now we have 250 ewes and 4 rams – Evgeny speaks. – All rams hornless, but very active in the plan of performance of a conjugal duty. 100 ewes give 180 % of posterity. Young growth, generally buy for breeding cultivation. Literally 10 minutes ago with an economy from the Razdolnensky area agreed about sale of one hundred ewes. We turn as we can. After all my father was engaged in sheep breeding also. It is possible to tell family business, communication of traditions and generations.
What from a sheep to take – meat, wool or milk?
About them, about traditions, more precisely about their preservation spoke at opening of a scientific and practical part of a festival, the vice-chairman of Council of ministers of AR Crimea Nikolay Kolisnichenko:
- The state tries to support sheep-breeding branch as it is our history, traditions of our fathers and grandfathers – he told.
Under a storm of applause of the Deputy Prime Minister elected the honourable shepherd of an autonomy, having handed over to it gerlygu and a snow-white lamb.
The festival as it was given in all sources of information, was organized at the initiative of Association of sheep breeders and kozovodov Ukraine. Her vice-president Maria Shinkarenko also began discussion of problems of branch with the heads of breeding farms invited to a festival, chiefs of regional managements with the report on a condition and prospects of development of sheep breeding. According to her, the livestock of sheep in 10 years was reduced from 9,5 million to 950 thousand heads, having turned their krupnotovarny into small-scale production where small-scale enterprises (contain to 300 heads) prevail. Such farms possess 91 % of the market, and profitability of the most sheep-breeding branch makes – 8,7 % (!).
- We are on the threshold of that the branch will disappear in general – Maria Danilovna told. – To revive it it is possible only with the state support.
This year on sheep breeding development, including for a gain of a breeding livestock the state allocated 5,4 million hryvnias. Next year production of wool should become one more object of subsidized support. But, according to Maria Danilovna, not all means are used rationally. And in this case to us very much a good practice of the European countries in which grants will be manufactured counting on one ewe that allows to receive, the maximum economic effect of their use.
Gergas Elemer, the ex-Minister of Agriculture of Hungary, the professor of agricultural sciences shared the European experience in development of branch of sheep breeding with participants of a festival.
- In the European countries now make very high demands to sheep-breeding farms – he told. – It is necessary to do huge volume of work to remain the market player.
The European sheep breeders carefully watch first of all quality of meat which should correspond to high sanitary-and-hygienic norms. They don’t forget and about market requirements: plan birth rate of lambs for April-May and for the winter period when this production uses the greatest demand.
- By the way, the European producers of mutton provide the European Union only for 66 % – Gergas Elemer told. – But also for the remained 34 % for our Crimean sheep breeders long, exhausting fight against the New Zealand and Australian colleagues is necessary. Certainly, there is still a market of meat of the Muslim countries where young yagnyatina it is most popular. But for this economy should possess sufficient market flexibility and competitiveness.
The president of Association of sheep breeders spoke about the concept of formation of competitive production and processing of production of sheep breeding in market conditions about kozovodov Ukraine, the professor of chair of the production technology of production of a svinovodstvo and sheep breeding of National agrarian university Vasily Turinsky. The researches carried out by it showed that the most highly profitable direction in sheep breeding is dairy which actively use farms of Zakarpatye and Bukovina.
- At a festival in Rakhov in two days 30 tons of sheep cheese were sold – Vasily Mikhaylovich told. – On the second place on level of profitability there is a meat direction, and production of wool appeared at all unprofitable. It is necessary to create the modular sheep-breeding farms combining some directions – he told.
And right there the problem personnel – few the qualified shepherds, experts of sheep breeding, especially an average link emerges. Natalia Kolesnikov, the head of plemzavod "Black Sea", and Gennady Korzh spoke about it from plemzavod "Nice".
- Views of the gathered should direct to employees of the Crimean state agrarian educational advice center who can render in it the essential help – Vladimir Ananyev, the chairman of the board of Association of sheep breeders and kozovodov Ukraine told.
Summing up a seminar, the minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea Pavel Akimov once again focused attention gathered that potential and preconditions for sheep breeding development in the Crimea are.
- Twenty percent of the Crimean earth occupy pastures – Pavel Ivanovich told. It is a powerful resource for production of sheep-breeding production.
According to him, it is necessary to create large plemcentry providing not only production of sheep-breeding production, but its processing and preparation for realization.
E.GORYUNOVA.