The new direction in the village is offered – x. mechanical engineering – multimachine large-scale technological modules, obrazuyemy by means of a universal hitch. Their application provides increase in labor productivity, fuel savings, decrease in unproductive expenses of seeds.
UDC 631
The new direction in agricultural mechanical engineering is offered: hook-on and semi-hook-on cars which are created by a modular principle; multimachine units which consist of technological modules and work at sherengovy placement of cars, are transported in the cross-section direction.
Agricultural cars of general purpose: soil-cultivating, fertilizing, the sowing campaigns combined, etc., as a rule, are hook-on or semi-hook-on. They give the chance to make multimachine units of necessary width of capture for specific conditions of operation, high-efficiency and maneuverable at a sherengovy agregatirovaniye, well copies a field relief, are convenient for technological service. To shortcomings of the mentioned cars it is necessary to refer complexity of an agregatirovaniye and impracticality to transportation by roads of general purpose.
Multimachine shirokozakhvatny units should consist of technological modules, work at sherengovy placement of cars and be transported in the cross-section direction. The technological module – the hook-on or semi-hook-on car which leans on the being self-established basic or opornoprivodny wheels which track less than working width of capture, and can move in the vzaimnoperpendikulyarny directions.
Technological modules by means of a universal hitch develop in multimachine units; the hitch can carry out also independent technological operations: in addition to loosen the soil, to fill up tractor traces, to bear a bar of a sprayer, etc. Cars in the unit take place a rank, incorporate among themselves universal hinges 4, and to a beam of the first hitch – working snitsa 2 (see above drawing 1).
In working situation the tractor is attached to a snitsa of a hitch 6, its average wheel 7 is lifted, vertical axes of being self-established wheels of 5 cars are stopped. Firmness of movement of the unit is provided with three points of support: two wheels and the worker dream, connected to a hitch beam. In transport situation a tractor attach to a transport snitsa 3, an average wheel of the 7th hitch lower, and vertical axes of wheels 5 rasstoporivayut.
By the developed principle of an agregatirovaniye a number of soil-cultivating and sowing modular units is created.
The two-machine complex unit on the basis of cultivators KPS-4 is intended for soil loosening with a simultaneous boronovaniye. Depending on production requirements frames can join the transport chassis with working bodies of different technological appointment.
The combined modular unit which carries out operations of loosening of the soil, alignments, consolidations and mulchirovaniye is developed for preparation of the soil for sowing of agricultural cultures. Rykhlitelnye working bodies – spitsepodobny or lancet on S or C – similar racks. In need of them it is possible to replace with zubovy harrows. For consolidation of the soil skating rinks of different function can be established: annulate shporovye, screw, planchaty, smooth, etc. Insignificant labor input of replacement of working bodies creates favorable conditions for unit re-equipment under specific production needs; it can be used at one-operational processes of loosening or a soil prikatyvaniye. At the corresponding modernization the unit can introduce locally mineral fertilizers under cultures of continuous sowing.
Technical characteristics of units
Two – and three-machine sowing units are intended for sowing of grain and leguminous crops with simultaneous introduction of a starting dose of mineral fertilizers and podsevy long-term herbs. Their base are the domestic grain seeders of the SZ-3,6 type converted by a modular principle. Cars can be completed with replaceable soshnik: two-disk for ordinary and narrow-rowed crops, one-disk, anchor, kilepodobny, etc. They provide education technological Kolya, necessary at cultivation grain on intensive technology.
Introduction of similar units provides, according to IMESX, increase in productivity of engineering procedure of sowing in 1,5-2,0 times, to fuel savings to 35 %, economy of unproductive expenses of seeds of 17-25 kg/hectares.
(On magazine materials Equipment of agrarian and industrial complex).