At a bookmark on storage considerable volumes of grain are subject to drying.
Article tells how not to be mistaken and choose drying equipment. The wide range of zernosushilny equipment both domestic is given, and foreign producers, their technical characteristics are given.
Analyzing advantages of these or those models of dryers on different indicators, it is possible to choose optimum drying installation for the zernopererabatyvayushchy enterprise.
UDC 361
At a stage of a zalozheniye of a collected crop and in a storage time considerable volumes of grain are subject to drying. How unmistakably to choose drying equipment is a topical issue for our landowners.
One of the main requirements to the drying unit – its ability to process the wide range of grain products with different technological properties at high efficiency and rather low energy consumption that is difficult engineering technicheskoj a task. Besides, its design should be reliable, durable, completely be entered in constructive and technological decisions of the enterprise on cleaning and grain storage.
In Ukraine there is quite wide choice of zernosushilny equipment both domestic, and foreign producers.
First of all – about cars of domestic producers.
The Karlovsky machine building plant of the Poltava Region lets out mine dryers of standard sizes DSP-10, DSN-20, DSP-25, DSP-50 which provide productivity during drying of wheat and decrease in humidity with 20 to 14 %, respectively, 10, 20, 25 and 50 t/hours, at gas expenses for decrease in humidity for 1 % for 1 t within 1,73-1,75 m3.
The research electroassembly plant in the Zmiyevsky region of the Kharkov area lets out the dryers SZ-6, SZ-10, SZ-16, SZK-30 which have capacity of bunkers from 9 to 40 m3 and planned productivity, respectively, from 6 to 30 t/hours.
JSC Brig, Pervomaisk the Nikolaev Region, makes zernosushilka of the models ZSh-2000, ZSh-5000 and ZSh-8000, productivity from 2 to 8 t/hours, respectively, under condition of decrease in humidity for one pass for 4 %. Volume of drying chambers from 8,4 to 25 m3. In them it is possible to use TGS-200 heatgenerators ÷ 500 on firm fuel (straw, pressing in bales).
Foreign representatives offer a wide choice of equipment: mine and tower dryers of high efficiency; small dryers (farmer), and also modular – capable to satisfy inquiries of farmers (productivity from 3,5 to 40 t/hours at decrease in humidity of grain from 25 to 15 % with cooling of grain and, respectively, from 4,5 to 66 t/hours at decrease in humidity of grain from 20 to 15 %), and also big producers – when blocking two, three and more modules by the general productivity from 10 to 250 t/hours.
The Agroalyans company (Dnepropetrovsk) represents production the GSI companies (USA). Modular dryers of a model range of GSI (from 1100 to 3600) with possibility of different configuration.
Indicators of a consumption of gas for 1 % of decrease in humidity of grain for 1 t of a product at thickness of a layer of 360 mm which is blown by the heat-carrier, hesitates from the maximum value 1,72 m3 to minimum 0,43 m3 at the nominal – 1,31 m3. Dryers work both in a ration a mode, and in the continuous. The tower dryers GSI represent a number of high-efficiency installations which have geometrical parameters: diameter – from 3,5 to 9 m, height – from 15 to 53 m, productivity – from 32 to 272 t/hours at thickness of a layer of grain of 320 mm.
JSC PORTSELAKINVEST carries out selection, installation and commissioning of dryers of the mine type AG-PROJEKT, Poland, productivity to 23,8 t/hours.
The Aray Ukraina LTD association (Poland), offers a number of dryers of mine type productivity from 7,9 to 104 t/hours and decrease in humidity of wheat with 19 to 15 %.
The representation RIELA (Lviv) – offers wide scale of mine stationary and mobile dryers (farmer type) – the producer the RIELA company (Germany).
Drying equipment offer: Agrokhim enterprise (Kirovograd) of production of France, Rayz Agrotekhnika company, Kiev and "Tekhnofud Ukraina" and others.
As we see, a variety of dryers is reduced more and more to several which differ: on types, ways of drying, design features, universality.
Considering different options, it is necessary to focus attention on ways of drying which give the chance to dry up grain weight in safe conditions. On extent of drying for decrease in humidity of grain, for example, from 24 to 14 % redrying of grain is excluded and uniform humidity is reached, however installation of consistently connected two dryers or the double admission of grain according to the scheme in this case is necessary: drying-cooling-dosushivaniye-cooling-warehousing.
At complete drying of one party of grain, it is necessary to look for a compromise between economy of fuel and uniformity of humidity at the end of drying. On such dryers it is expedient to use for grain cooling silos with active aeration.
In dryers of continuous action grain can move by gravity during stream regulation by mechanical means, thickness of a layer which moves, fluctuates in a range of 300-360 mm. In such installations (modular, tower) there is an interwall punched space in which grain dries. The internal part is intended for a heat-carrier supply, and distribution and grain moving for obtaining uniform humidity are provided by special installation, is and a cooling zone which gives the chance to reach the guaranteed uniformity of the dried-up grain on humidity.
The option of an assessment of specific indicators of drying installations which gives the chance to estimate their advantages or shortcomings taking into account expediency of signs is developed: on models and standard sizes; to design features; labor inputs and difficulties of installation; metal consumption; to technological and stoymostny indicators. Except a total cost of installation, it is necessary to analyse labor input and complexity of installation and adjustment where costs of these operations are distributed from 7-8 % of cost of installation for simple installations, to 10-12 % of average complexity and 12-15, and even 20 % of difficult installations.
Analyzing advantages of these or those models of dryers on different indicators, it is possible to choose optimum drying installation for the zernopererabatyvayushchy enterprise.
(On Propozits_ya magazine materials).