It will be certainly interesting to gardener to learn from a published material about superintensive grades of sweet cherry – undersized, krupnoplodny, with berry of an excellent trade dress.
In connection with stabilizatsiyoy the prices in Ukyoraina’s markets on fresh fruits chereshni (on the average, 10-15 grn./kg) and introduction in a tekhnoloyogiya of semi-dwarfish and karliyokovy stocks with parallelyyony cultivation of new grades with not fissuring during a rain, huge, effective, transportable fruits, cultivation chereshni became vysokorentayobelny.
As fruits chereshni are realized in ogranichenyony terms and small parties, it is necessary to put cherry gardens nebolyyoshy sections, grades with different terms of maturing: from the suyoperranny – to very late that will allow to prolong considerably consumption plodov. On the periphery of sections it is necessary to land soryota-pollinators Sam and Schneider Skay. When landing a chereshneyovy garden, by no means it is impossible to shorten the tsentralyyony conductor. Schitayu that F.Zakhn and T.Fogela’s method which rekomenduyut strong coevals srezat on krone, and weak – to leave without scraps on a dorashchivaniye, doesn’t answer principles of maintaining superinyotensivny technology chereshni. First, having cut off silyyony "fishing tackle", you momentalyyono create conditions for rosta the strong competitors identical on diameter in meste of an otkhozhdeniye from shtamba that contradicts technology of superyointensivny cultivation. The tree grows volume, otodvigayutsya terms a plodonosheyoniya, there are problems with a formirovka (it is necessary to remove all lateral branches since all of them are thicker than a half of diameter of the tsenyotralny conductor!). Secondly, weak saplings chereshni in the first year kroniruyutsya lowly, strongly lag behind in growth and are unsuitable for superyointensivny technologies. Such saplings it is better at all priobretat.
The saplings among, the more effectively proyavlyayutsya advantages superveretena are more densely planted:
a) trees take at once the place taken away to them (for 2 years);
b) 90 % of lateral branches rastut short, thin, are a lot of them, from shtamba they depart horizontally;
v) 70 % of fruits zavyazyvayutsya on shtambe, their size ogromna;
g) the first commodity crop is received for the 2nd year.
Having added to the arsenal a tekhnoyologiya scraps and having added vysheyoskazanny, trees of sweet cherry can be placed on stocks: semi-dwarfish – Kolt (4×2), dwarfish – Gizella-5 and Vel-2 (4×1,75), superdwarfish – Gizella-3 (4×1,5) for promyshyolenny gardens; in amateur gardens of a row-spacing it is possible sokratit on 1 m. Trees chereshni are desirable for landing early in the spring as soon as will thaw zemlya, previously having added in the clay talker a protraviyotel "Prestige", for prevention of injuries of a root neck – a sovka podyogryzayushchy and roots – a cockchafer larva.
That for the 2nd year poluchit a commodity crop, neobxodimo in a year of landing to provide development lateral short vetochek with fruit obrazovaniyami. It is possible only at very dense landing derevev among (even on 0,8 m). At such superintensive tekhnoyologiya trees are formed and you only korrektiruete this process by a way an oslepleyoniya of kidneys on height to 50-60 cm for education shtamba and a legyoky scrolling of lateral branches at the top of krone which aspire to become competitors to the central conductor. And here at intensive technology it is necessary for you to form krone by bending back of branches, removals of competitors, etc.
Above-stated elementy technologies have rekomenyodatelny character since, except described, it is necessary to know dosyokonalno physiology of development of trees, osobennosti growth and development of otdelyyony grades, influence of climate on processes zhiznedeyatelnosti, a nature of the soil and many other things.
New grades impress with the qualities. Nazyvayeyomye is lower than a grade – the best on marketability: • Burlat – fruits dark red, diameter ploda 25 mm, I will eat fruits 02.06; • The Merkant – dark red, 25 mm, 05.06; • Octavia – temyono-red, 27 mm, 08.06; • Silvia – dark red, 30 mm, 10.06; • Tekhlovan – red, 28 mm, 25.06; 9 Samyomit – dark red, serdtseyovidny, huge, 37 mm, 28.06; • Corin – red, 30 mm, 05.07; • Kordiya – krasyony, 32 mm, 05.07; • Regina – red, 32 mm, 28.07-05.08.
At delay with uboryoky for 5-10 days, in zavisimosti from a grade, fruits not morshhatsya, don’t "pull", are suitable for long transportation.
(On Dachnik newspaper materials).