In this publication it is a question that in many countries search of alternative sources not to a durable type of energy – oil begins. A number of the states resolutely turn towards alternative power sources among which the Sun plays a predominating role. Heads of 27 EU countries signed the agreement providing by 2020 not less than 20 percent of the economy to translate to renewables. First of all solar, wind and geothermal.
In the long term is a big future of solar power, solar stations which, transforming radiations of our eternal star to the electric power, will transfer it to the earth.
Presently, when the price for one barrel of oil in the world market reached the other-wordly sizes and, seemingly, the stop on it won’t be, in many countries search of alternative sources to this expensive and not such to a durable type of energy begins. Stocks of hydrocarbonic raw materials (oil, gas, coal) on Earth aren’t boundless, and the mankind anyway all the same should pass to other fuel once. But already today it is necessary to think of future generations.
In search of replacement with a traditional power source at us very shy steps are taken meanwhile. Meanwhile a number of the states gradually, but resolutely turns towards alternative power sources among which the Sun plays a predominating role. Spain, the USA, Germany, Norway, China already send to this sphere of action not only considerable financial resources, but also take the measures of legislative character directed on development of wind, water and solar energy. For example, in Spain the second year operates the law ordering everything again constructed and capitally repaired houses to equip with solar batteries of independent heating of rooms. The program of stimulation of development of solar power in this country is valid from 1996.
In Germany the law on inclusion in the general network of the electric power received from renewable sources, is valid from 1990. In 2000 the law obliging to the power of the country to finish a share of alternative power in economy of the state by 2015 to 15 percent here was passed. And the main costs of it in both countries are assigned to the government. On forecasts of experts of the USA, by 2016 in this country electric power development by means of the Sun can reach the 110th gigawatt that is enough for heating about 30 million houses. It will allow to save also about 100 billions which would go on electric power development from mineral fuel.
In the USA, despite own extensive stocks of oil, and also a significant amount of external suppliers of "black gold", undertake big efforts on transfer of the economy to alternative types of energy. Here fairly consider that in the long term the sun, a wind and water can become reliable strategic allies.
For this purpose here it was created at the American congress and in the senate special group of people which is engaged in development of alternative types of energy at legislature level. In this business in recent years the government and a private sector enclosed billion dollars that allowed to create more than one thousand new technologies in the field of power and other branches of economy.
Various blackouts during the most improper period painfully beat on agricultural production. Poultry farming and animal husbandry are especially sensitive to electric power interruptions. The damage from interruptions and rolling blackouts at 25-30 time exceeds cost of the outstood electric power. On the average about the country shower electricity consumption by the rural dweller is twice lower than the city. That is why already today in the conditions of continuous growth of electricity tariffs and frequent shutdowns of network power supply on the village it is expedient to talk about the maximum use of nonconventional and renewable power sources.
Not to catch up, and to march in step
Not to appear to us at the tail-end at developing states which expecting the beginning of an energy crisis, apply many efforts to find a way out from a developing situation. In March of this year heads of 27 EU countries signed the agreement providing by 2020 not less than 20 percent of the economy to translate to renewables. First of all solar, wind and geothermal. This example is infectious. In China the decision on the construction which project exceeds 766 million rubles is recently made. The largest petrogetter Norway is going to enclose about 3 billion dollars in development of alternative power. By 2010 Finland plans to put into operation more than 10 power plants working at various industrial and household wastes.
The Nobel winner, the Russian physicist Jores Alfyorov sees the future of world power only in transformation of solar energy in electric. He considers that stocks of minerals will be exhausted through couple of hundreds years, the nuclear power gives too many dangerous waste and uranium in a subsoil of Earth remained not too much. Not to wait for the next fuel and energy crisis, and already now to start realization of the measures similar to the German program of 1000 roofs. The known scientist recommends to use so-called multicascade heterostructural photo cells for solar batteries, to place which for a start it is possible in the southern regions of the country.
Created in Russia scientists VIESXa photo-electric solar modules with round and pseudo-square elements can be used at a complete set of photo-electric stations and solar power supply systems in capacity from 0,1 to 100 kW. Such stations in which sunlight will be transformed to the electric power of a direct current, could become irreplaceable in an elektrofikatsiya of houses in the rural zone, power supply of street lighting, water elevating installations, radio – and television receivers and other household appliances.
For work in field conditions on otgonny pastures or on the remote zernoseyushchy sites, the mobile photo-electric station of independent power supply here is developed. Its principle of work is based on direct transformation of sunlight to electric energy by means of solar elements from single-crystal silicon.
The electric power will come from space
To deterrents in development of solar power the low efficiency (efficiency) of photo-electric installations and their high cost meanwhile is. Search of the best options proceeds. One of such options was offered by the deserved inventor of Russia Yury Bezrukov. It presented the project of solar and vacuum power plant for reliable, non-polluting power supply of the small cities and rural settlements. At the heart of the project transformation to electric energy of sunlight and a wind force lies. Such technology of the combined obtaining energy from two renewable sources caused a great interest. Arranges also settlement term of life of power plant – 100 years. As construction cost in general is insignificant, and term of design and object installation only one year.
In the long term – this big future of solar power, solar stations which, transforming radiations of our eternal star to the electric power, will transfer it to the earth.
(On newspaper materials Rural life).