In this article there is a speech that weather climatic conditions of the Crimea, are favorable for receiving a high-quality sowing material of various agricultural cultures. At the Crimean institute of agroindustrial production of UAAN – it is possible to receive information on questions of acquisition of seeds of a winter rape.
Of SEEDS of the WINTER RAPE TAKE CARE ALREADY TODAY
The interest which has increased today to production of a rape is not a craze, and a response to a problem of rise in price of the energy carriers, caused to life search of alternative power sources.
In the conditions of Ukraine the most perspective raw materials for production of a biodiesel engine is the rape since thanks to local climatic conditions rather high productivity of this culture is provided. Besides, the rape is effective for application in a crop rotation for the purpose of improvement of quality of the soil. It promotes receiving more big crops of other crops participating in a crop rotation, for example, sunflower.
Calculation of each specific agricultural producer who is engaged or planning to be engaged in production of a rape for technical needs, is based on considerable productivity of this culture, the high price of commodity realization and positive influence on the subsequent cultures when using as the predecessor.
The major aspect at cultivation of a rape is quality of a seed material. For receiving a high-quality sowing material of various crops weather climatic conditions of the Crimea are very favorable. Not exception and rape. Detailed information on a question of acquisition of a qualitative seed material of a winter rape can be received at the Crimean institute of agroindustrial production of UAAN – the Center of scientific providing APP AR Crimea located in the item of Klepinino, the Krasnogvardeysky area.
The institute is always open for cooperation with agricultural enterprises and experts in the field of agrarian production. This research establishment carries out skilled researches, develops scientific recommendations, carries out consultation concerning development and improvement of technologies of cultivation of olive cultures. On a skilled field of institute the laying of demonstration ranges of grades of a winter rape among which are available both traditional, and new perspective grades is annually carried out.
Today the market of a seed material offers a considerable sortiment of hybrids and grades of a winter rape both domestic, and foreign productions. However at a grade or hybrid choice for crops it is necessary to pay special attention to, whether the grade in our zone, that is as far as weather climatic conditions of the Crimea will provide realization of its biological potential is zoned.
Practice showed that for cultivation on the technical purposes, it is necessary to use rape seeds not below the first reproduction. Use semyanvtory and the subsequent reproductions leads to sharp increase in the content of erukovy acid in oil and glyukozinolatov in shrote.
The main reason for decrease in quality – existence in crops of a rape of a biannual weed of a surepitsa. This weed with a rape of one family therefore to destroy it in crops by means of herbicides it is impossible, and its seeds from seeds of a rape are difficult for separating. Quality of such raw materials low and to realize it at the favorable price it is difficult.
In the description of grades and hybrids there are the features connected with term of crops and norm of seeding. Therefore to reflect on a choice of a sowing material and its quantity it is necessary already today. Further we will give features of grades of a winter rape, it is the most frequent and on the considerable areas used in the Crimea: The Atlant and Galitsky, and also the filled-up State Register of grades of plants of Ukraine in 2005 a grade of a rape of Dembo.
ATLANT
Agricultural producers of the Crimea are well familiar a grade of Atlant of selection of Institute of olive cultures of UAAN. It annually sows the greatest area in the Crimea (about 30 %), involved under rape crops.
Plants of this high-yielding grade of a rape possesses high compensatory ability. Even at izrezhenny crops or partial loss during the winter period, additional branching of plants removes need of spring processing by herbicides, and it is possible to receive a big crop of seeds.
Height of plants of a rape of a grade of Atlant – 150-160 see. The stalk of a roundish form in thickness of 10-12 mm, has 5-6 branches of the first order. Mass of 1000 seeds – 5,6 g.
Grade with potential of productivity of 52 c/hectares. The vegetative period makes 306 days. The content of oil in seeds – 43 %.
Oil exit – 1,2-1,5 t/hectares. The content of erukovy acid in oil – 0,5 %, glyukozinolatov in seeds – to 25 µmol/g.
Winter hardiness – 72 %. It is steady against drowning and an osypaniye. It is recommended for cultivation in all zones of Ukraine.
GALITSKY
A little smaller in the Crimea the crops area (to 20 %) from the total area involved under crops of a rape, occupies a grade rape Galitsky the Ivano-Frankovsk selection. On external signs and efficiency indicators the rape grade Galitsky doesn’t concede Atlanta.
This grade of intensive type, is steady against drowning and defeat by fungoid diseases, it is noted by high winter hardiness. In the presence of snow cover maintains frosts 35-45zs, without snow – to 25-30zs.
The grade rape Galitsky provides productivity of seeds at level of 40-45 c/hectares. Treats early ripe grades with the vegetative period of 300-305 days.
Plants in height 140-170 see. Mass of 1000 seeds – 4,5-5,0 g. The content of oil in seeds of 43-46 %. Each plant forms 420-450 pods. Weight of seeds from one plant 50 and more than a grams.
DEMBO
Productivity of seeds of a mid-season highly productive grade of Dembo reaches 70-90 c/hectares. The vegetative period makes 305-310 days.
Plant height – 140-160 see. A stalk with well expressed branching. The mass of 1000 seeds makes 4,4-4,6 g of Maslichnost of 44-46 %. Glyukozinolata in seeds don’t exceed 20 µmol/g.
The grade is characterized by the increased stability to drowning and an osypaniye. Possesses drought resistance and winter hardiness (to 7,8-8,0 points) that is very important for conditions of the Crimea.
The Crimean institute of agroindustrial production of UAAN invites to cooperation of all interested experts of agricultural production. Our address:
97010, Crimea, Krasnogvardeysky region of page of Klepinino, ph. 8 (06556) 7-63-98, 7-63-22, mob. tel. 80661196137
Lake tomashova
edging. agricultural sciences
manager of laboratory of agriculture KIAPP of UAAN
S. Tomashov
senior research associate of laboratory of agriculture KIAPP of UAAN