In article "Rostselmash" is told about the modernized combine harvesters. The comparative technical characteristics of combines Don-1500 B, "Vector", and "Don-1500M" is given.
UDC 631
Every year threat of loss of a considerable part of a crop because of increase in terms of cleaning of grain and commercial crops increases. In the concept of updating of park of combine harvesters developed in due time strengthening of serial release of domestic combines was provided. However, new combines some hundred a year are made while some thousands are necessary.
At justification of the directions of re-equipment of agricultural industry not enough attention was given by combine harvesters to such direction, as updating of park of combines by the traditional Don-1500B models and SK-5 "Field", their modernized samples, and also the new models, developed "Rostselmash" lately.
When purchasing combines of foreign production it is necessary to consider some requirements of today, namely: combines should be reliable and economic in the operation, convenient for maintenance, have low cost. It is necessary to consider also existence of the centers of firm service, repair base with the corresponding equipment, fitness of engines and friction knots to available combustive-lubricating materials; adjustment of manufacturing of spare parts in Ukraine. Besides, existence of different forms of agricultural enterprises – from the farmer enterprises with the small areas before associations, the area grain which some tens of thousands of hectares make, a difference in productivity which causes need of purchase of combines of a different class with capacity from 5-7 kg/s to powerful high-efficiency cars.
The mentioned requirements are answered by combine harvesters "Rostselmash". It is necessary to consider that to 50 % of accessories to these combines are developed in Ukraine.
Comparative technical characteristics of combine harvesters
The official distributor "Rostselmash" is JSC Donsnab which has the branched-out network of the service centers and warehouses of spare parts.
In a design of new Vector and Don-1500M combines a number of the technical solutions directed on increase of productivity, reliability, decrease in weight and improvement of working conditions of the combine operator is applied. Cabin placement on the center of combines, the engine behind the bunker provides uniform distribution of weight to wheels, increases passableness of combines, convenience of maintenance, and also decrease in noise and vibration in a cabin. Conditions of a temperature mode in a cabin improve visibility. Combines have modern design and a comfortable double cabin with central air, heating and the improved ergonomics.
Reliable belts of German firm "Optibelt" and elements of hydrosystem have a uvechenny resource. New harvesters are developed for increase of productivity of combines with a planetary drive of the cutting device and a reverse, management from a cabin. The design of a thresher provides qualitative obmolot grain on much littered areas and at work in the conditions of high humidity. The simplified design of a grinder is focused on modern ways of cleaning of not grain part of a crop: crushing scattering or laying in it is shaky, extent of crushing, simplicity of service is raised.
On the Vector combine the ND YaMZ-236 engine with a turbo-supercharging which has high economic characteristics is established. Hydrostatic drive GST-112 provides working speed to 12 km/h, transport – to 25 km/h. The fuel tank in capacity of 540 l allows to work without filling more than 16 hours. Unification belongs to advantages of the Vector combine for 80 % with the Don-1500B combine also. The Vector combine satisfies requirements of big sector of the market – from farms which have the small areas, to the enterprises with the areas grain in some thousand hectares.
In 2005 the enterprises of Ukraine bought 26 Vector combines.
In 2006 "Rostselmash" plans release of the first 20 serial Don-1500M cars which is intended for cleaning of grain and other crops on the big areas with high productivity. Productivity of the combine in comparison with "Don-1500B" increased for 15 %, fuel consumption decreased for 5 %. The combine is equipped with the board computer which supervises operating modes of the combine, process obmolota, losses of grain and THAT informs the combine operator on need of carrying out regulated or about emergence of malfunction. Thanks to a wide choice of auxiliary Don-1500M adaptations it is possible to apply effectively when cleaning leguminous, krupyany, melkosemenny cultures, sunflower, a soya, rice and corn.
Thus, park updating by the modernized and new models developed lately "Rostselmash", taking into account that to 50 % of accessories is made in Ukraine can be one of the directions of re-equipment of agricultural industry combine harvesters.
V. Gorbatov.
(On materials of the magazine of the Technician of agrarian and industrial complex).