It is told about preventive actions for labor protection which should promote data to industrial injuries minimum, to providing appropriate and safe working conditions in agro-industrial complex.
UDC 331
The right to labor protection belongs to the inalienable rights of the person which have been written down in fundamental international documents.
Problems in the sphere of labor protection can’t be solved only at ministry level, at regional level or at enterprise level. It is connected with a variety and complexity of questions, ways of their decision, need of performance of the specific interconnected objectives and actions on organizational, material, scientific and to standard legal support.
With reorganization and restructuring of agricultural production the number of small and medium-sized enterprises grows. At the enterprises of private and private and rent type of deadly traumas on production becomes more increasing, and with increase in their quantity specific weight of accidents increases in total and on agricultural industry as a whole.
Katostrafichesky aging of fixed assets is negatively reflected in safety of work, the quantity physically and the obsolete equipment, cars, mechanisms, a failure to provide working as means of individual protection, unsatisfactory working conditions, a significant amount of workplaces which don’t meet the requirements of regulations on labor protection, ignoring of ergonomic requirements to the organization and the device of workplaces, use of child and female labor, disabled people at the enterprises of private and private and rent type in harmful conditions and considerable specific weight of a hand labor increases.
Funds for labor protection are often spent for privileges and compensations for work in dangerous and harmful working conditions, on compensation of harm owing to accidents and occupational diseases. At the same time it is a little put funds for actions for creation of harmless and safe working conditions.
It is established that expenses in the agricultural industry, connected with privileges and compensations, make about 83 % of total amount of expenses for labor protection (including payments of pensions on favorable terms – over 50 %), expenses owing to accidents, occupational diseases and failures – 8 %, and expenses on the actions directed on prevention of adverse influence of working conditions on health of workers – about 9 %. That is costs of compensation of an adverse effect of working conditions more than in 10 times exceed costs of the prevention of this influence.
If at the concrete enterprise accidents took place, costs of their consequences increase several times. The given expenses and their specific weight in the conditions of small and medium-sized enterprises especially sensitively increase.
The economic condition of the majority of agricultural enterprises doesn’t give possibility to provide appropriate level of conditions and safety of work of workers. Expenses on labor protection which are provided by collective agreements of the enterprises, are insufficient and don’t satisfy modern requirements legislative and regulations on labor protection, don’t provide safety of the working.
The problem of improvement of a condition of conditions and safety, labor hygiene and the production environment can be solved by a way:
– increases of efficiency of functioning of a control system by labor protection;
– standard legal support improvements in the labor protection sphere thanks to revision out-of-date and development of new regulations in the direction of their compliance to modern requirements and adaptation to standards of the European legislation;
– solutions of questions of discrepancy of working conditions to requirements of health and hygienic regulations and norms thanks to development of services of medicine of work and system of the medicosanitary help on production;
– increases of security of workers from harmful and dangerous factors of the production environment with application of modern means of individual protection;
– improvements of working conditions on workplaces introduction of new technologies and equipment;
– ensuring development of scientific and technical base of labor protection, its updating and activity coordination in the labor protection sphere;
– improvements of training and information support;
– increases of social and economic efficiency of preventive actions for labor protection questions.
It is necessary to provide also development of system of audit of labor protection on production.
The desire of Ukraine to enter the World Trade Organization demands adaptation of standard and legal base concerning labor protection to requirements of standards and European Union directives. It is for this purpose provided to reconsider operating and to develop new normative legal acts concerning labor protection by types of works taking into account elements of technical regulation and management of professional risk.
Carrying out all necessary actions should be provided with appropriate financing at the expense of fund of social insurance from an occupational accident and at the expense of means of the government budget.
Preventive actions for labor protection should promote data to industrial injuries minimum, to providing appropriate conditions and safety of work in agroindustrial sector of economy.
(On magazine materials Equipment of agrarian and industrial complex).