Article tells about activities and prospects of development of the Crimean research center of Institute of hydraulic engineering and UAAN land improvement.
The farmland of the Steppe Crimea belongs to a zone of semi-deserts of moderate belts
The farmland of the Steppe Crimea belongs to a zone of semi-deserts of moderate belts. Here regularly there are droughty phenomena that leads to big yield losses and agricultural production destabilization. It negatively affects development of a resort and recreational complex of the region and providing the population of the peninsula with necessary food.
By science it is proved, and with practice it is confirmed that any agroreceptions directed on preservation of water in the soil (the boronovaniye, a mulchirovaniye etc.) to receive the guaranteed crops of crops without an irrigation is impossible.
In Ukraine scientific researches on problems of a water management the scientific research institute of hydraulic engineering based in 1929 and land improvement - nowadays carries out Institute of hydraulic engineering and land improvement of the Ukrainian academy of agrarian sciences.
In the sixties last century, with arrival of dneprovsky water on North Crimean channel, in the Crimea the new branch of a national economy – land improvement and a water management started to be formed. Its successful implementation was promoted by the accelerated development of a meliorative science and introduction in production of achievements of scientifically technical progress. For the solution of this task in 1979 the decision on the organization of the Crimean branch (nowadays the Research center), as a part of the Ukrainian scientific research institute of hydraulic engineering and land improvement was made. Today the Crimean research center of Institute of hydraulic engineering and UAAN land improvement - the regional center of scientific ensuring development of irrigating land improvements and ecologically safe use of irrigated lands of the Autonomous Republic Crimea and the southern areas of Ukraine.
The Crimean research center conducts basic and applied researches concerning an irrigation of lands, a water management, agricultural water supply and methods of water purification, economic efficiency of use of the reclaimed lands in market conditions, carries out monitoring of the reclaimed lands with use of methods of remote sensing of territories.
The center conducts researches on technologies and modes of an irrigation of fruit and berry cultures, grapes, vegetable, medicinal and citron plantings, including at a microirrigation with reference to changing conditions of managing in agrarian sector of production.
Important place the scientific development connected with the solution of problems of effective use of ground and water resources occupies, their returns and formation of a market mechanism in a water economic complex.
The center developed standard and methodical documents by definition of the price of irrigated lands, a method of economic qualification of farms for effective use of the reclaimed lands, the provision on consolidation of owners on raspayevanny irrigated lands, scientific and methodical principles and mechanisms of a korporatizatsiya of management of meliorative systems in modern conditions.
At the heart of a technique of receiving and processing of materials of satellite shootings of Earth developed by the center, digital materials of polyzonal satellite shootings are used.
For ecologically safe agricultural and municipal water supply technological schemes and designs of installations for cleaning natural, water and sewage in filtering constructions with application of highly effective filtering materials are developed and improved. The developed technologies of water purification are confirmed with patents of Ukraine and other states of the CIS.
For the solution of important environmental problems of a vodokhozyaystvenno-meliorative complex in the Center programs on optimization of use of water resources on principles of integrated management taking into account normirovanny maximum permissible dumping (PDS) of the weighed substances in water objects and ecological and safe modes of an irrigation of agricultural cultures with use of a tool method are prepared. Application of the last razrabotkipozvolyaet to the water consumer is rational to use irrigating water, to receive big crops of crops and to keep ecological balance of the territory.
Research development (technologies, recommendations, techniques, etc.) is approved in the State enterprise The pilot farm the "Crimea" located in page of Zhelyabovk of the Nizhnegorsky area, on lands of the Crimean research center of fruit growing of UAAN (page. Small the Simferopol area), on a site of a drop irrigation of a yablonevy garden of state farm plant "Fruit" (page. Fruit the Bakhchsarai area), on experimental sites of SOOO Perekop’s Storm (the village Ishun of the Krasnoperekopsky area), SPK of Kalinin (the village of Kalinin of the May Day area) and other research-and-production hospitals.
In practice of work of the Center water for the food and ecosystems” with the Dutch research center "Altera" from Vageningen is given particular attention to a prvedeniye of joint basic and applied researches with research establishments of the states of the CIS and foreign countries, in particular within the program “.
In the current year work on the complex research project on the sixth framework programme of the European Union Water scenarios for the European Union countries is begun and neighboring states to 2025godu which is urged to answer to a question of the directions of development of a water economic complex in the conditions of limited presence of water resources.
Sincerely congratulated on the eve of a professional holiday – Day of workers of a water management of Ukraine scientific and technical council of our Center staff of the water economic organizations, the landowners working in irrigated agriculture, and all those who the daily work creates conditions for advance of achievements of scientific and technical progress in production for the good of our state.
Century Lyashevsky, director of the IGIM UAAN Crimean Research center, honored worker of a water management of ARK.