In article it is a question that process the most part of lands plows. The priority direction today is transition from about one-operational power expensive tools to the multipurpose combined shirokozakhvatny cars and units which for one pass carry out some technological operations.
The enterprises in Ukraine which let out soil-cultivating and sowing equipment for soil-protective technologies are called and well proved.
PROVIDING AGROFIRMS MODERN GRUNTOOBROBNOYU EQUIPMENT AND EFFICIENCY of ITS USE
The most part of lands process sejchasplugami. Their model range replenishes with new types: rotating, rotary, plows with replaceable width zaxvatai with number of cases from 2 to 16. But the plowed land as was, and ostayetsyanaiboly power-intensive and expensive process. Thus occurs narusheniyeekologichesky balance of soil systems, kotoroeprivodit a kpoter of a humus. All this testifies to requirement of creation of new systems of soil-cultivating cars and tools. Nowadays cultivation pochvyispytyvaet essential changes. The number of operations is reduced, requirements to quality, observance of terms of work and a soil sokhraneniyuplodorodiya raise. Therefore sovremennyepochvoobrabatyvayushchy cars should meet the requirements of a flexible raznoglubinnoytekhnologiya of processing of the soil. It is necessary to reconsider radically an agrotechnology and all machine technologies concerning their compliance to a resursosberezheniye. Soil-cultivating cars should gain other properties, have a pochvozashchitnyykharakter, assist fertility restoration pochvyi, at the same time with energy saving to reduce prime cost of grown-up production, without reducing productivity of agricultural cultures.
With the priority direction of creation of perfect soil-cultivating equipment yavlyaetsyaperexod from odnooperatsionnykhenergozatratnykhorudiya to the kmnogofunktsionalny combined shirokozakhvatny cars and units, kotoryeza odinproxod a field of vypolnyayutneskolkotekhnologichesky operations, than provide high quality of cultivation, soxranyayutvlagu and improve fertility of soils, essentially reduce srokipolevy works, reduce labor costs of izatratygoryuche-lubricants. It is necessary to make use of experience of foreign firms in ensuring reliability of equipment and high-quality field service and to create sovmestnyes them the enterprises.
To Vukrain already exist a sovmestnyepredpriyatiya. With traditional pochvozashchitnyetekhnologiya demand Posravnitelno v2,9 razamenshe motochasov at rabotesosrednezakhvatnoytekhniky and five times less – with shirokozakhvatny. Respectively, decrease zatratygoryuchy v2,3 and 3,2 times. Here a significant role sygralikak depth of cultivation, and width zaxvatapochvoobrabatyvayushhixmashin – respectively v1,7 and 2,5 times. And zatratyna vyrashchivaniyeozimy wheat, in comparison with the traditional technologies, carried out by srednezakhvatny equipment decreased v6,3 time, shirokozakhvatny – v16,4 time.
Today vUkraine make much pochvoobrabatyvayushhixmashin and tools, the majority izkotory, unfortunately, one functional purpose.
Development new pochvoobrabatyvayushhixmashin can be carried out taking into account requirements of perspective technologies, with the maximum accounting of properties and environment characteristics where they will function. One-operational pochvoobrabatyvayushhiemashiny and units it is necessary to replace on multipurpose, universally combined, capable to adapt to ksmenny conditions of production of agricultural production thanks to bystrojzamene working bodies vovsex zones of Ukraine. Therefore an important condition is concentration of efforts and financial resources for development and introduction a vproizvodstvo of modern element base and compound designs of cars. To raise a technological level of machine-building enterprises, kotoryeimeyut the out-of-date equipment, to provide osvoyeniyenovy types of competitive equipment, which to otvechalabymirovy standards.
In Ukraine an estpredpriyatiya, kotoryevypuskayut pochvoobrabatyvayushhuyui sowing equipment for pochvozashchitnykhtekhnologiya and well proved. These are such producers, as: JSC Galeshchina, mashzavod, JSC Hmelnikselmash, JSC Tochmash, JSC NVP Belotserkovmash, JSC Krasnyanskesp Agromash and others, kotoryerazrabatyvayut and serially let out soil-cultivating equipment for all zones of Ukraine. This equipment znachitelnodeshevle, than import analogs, and on quality of cultivation doesn’t concede of.
The analysis of results of researches testifies that on indicators of economic efficiency pochvoobrabatyvayushhijagregat KKP-6 "Cardinal" has advantages before foreign analog: in comparison with the Evrorak-6000 unit pryamyeekspluatatsionny zatratysnizhayutsya for 42,6 %, and the sum given zatratmenshe for 45,7 %, thus annual economic effect makes 57930 UAH., zatratyna capital repair depreciation charges – for 61,5 % decrease by 53,2 %.
It is possible to draw a conclusion that kombinirovannyyagregatkkp-6 "Cardinal" will pay off for a year and a half, azarubezhny analog – in three-four and a half years, with a length of life of units eight years. Therefore before to buy foreign equipment, it is necessary to prove tselesoobraznosty acquisitions sekonomicheskoji social the points of view.
On Propozits_ya magazine materials.