This sketch about the selector-amatore known in the Crimea from Feodosiya, the author of three new grades of a winter-hardy persimmon which were deduced by it from seyanets Nikitka claret and are tested on his mountain site, where a microclimate considerably surovy, than below at the sea. Gore Gavern, the mountain Roman Kosh, Gore Rogers showed that in frost resistance to the mother don’t concede, and in a krupnoplodnost it surpass.
Selection novelties
Novelties of selection of a persimmon
This enamoured of subtropical garden cultures former ship electromecanics, and nowadays the verifier of grades and selector-amator Yury Bogdanovsky more than fifteen years ago, having descended from the ship on the coast, dropped an anchor in Feodosiya on a mountain which is abruptly running in a deep ravine.
Having found this lifeless stony and clay heathland, former naval vgryzsya uphill a pick and a shovel.
Excessive, appear, to its work, bore soon the fruits: the mountain was surrounded by terraces, and on them went to growth of grenades, zizifus, a fig, many strange, such as, substitute of black pepper, a bamboo and, at last, winter-hardy grades of a persimmon: Russian, Nikitsky claret, others.
In the course of time Yury with incomprehensible persistence mastered the mountain, restoring the fallen-off terraces, dressing them in a stone and concrete, again getting instead of carried away by a landslide in a ravine trees.
Over time it was possible to it in close commonwealth with scientists of the Nikitsky botanical garden to create on the mountain personal plot small, but very attractive botanical garden.
This garden amazes as spring, during a time of violent flowering when you go down on the steps laid out by a stone and you surrounds pink, red, lilac-white kipen flowers, and in the autumn when the scattering of white, brown, emerald fruits sprinkled fig branches, dense brown suntan bronzoveyut on the sun fruits of the Chinese date – zizifusa, rumyanyatsya under sunshine pomegranate fruits, and in October when from trees already fell down a leaf, from naked branches of a persimmon in hundred small solnyshka orange and claret fruits hang down.
Yury Bogdanovsky, on a patronymic Evlampiyevich – the descendant of the Arkhangelsk Pomors. Here, in its garden, seeing as the person like the bulldozer runs into the rock, uyavlyaesh for itself all force it resistant, irrepressible character. Here and the garden zaplodonosil, would be time to stop, inspect quietly all this krasotishhu, to admire …
No, didn’t calm down. Was engaged in a pitomnichestvo. Benefit vaccinating material near at hand, the homebrew. And here some years to a number of feodosiyskiya pitomnikovod grows up and extends not only across the Crimea, but also on all South of Ukraine the saplings of subtropical cultures, finding new habitats for pomegranate, a fig, a persimmon in Zakarpatye, near Izmail, on Bukovina, in Kherson and in the south of Donetsk areas. It especially succeeded with the first teacher the botanist Valery Tchernyaev in an introduction of a winter-hardy persimmon. Their diligence the grade the Russian registered already in Zernograda of the Rostov region.
Persimmon – especially passionate hobby Bogdanovsky. In the beginning he only tested the Russian, Nikitsky claret, then from Nikita the American Mider brought. The last, by the way, a grade melkoplodny, but not surpassed in a zimostoyskost.
Then went further: in the district where found fructifying trees of a melkoplodny virginsky persimmon, collected its fruits, chose from them stones, after stratification landed them in soil and, having grown up stocks, imparted on a verginka the same Rossyainka, Nikitsky claret and grew up in nursery the imparted saplings.
However and it it seemed to it a little. Was engaged in selection. As result of this purposeful occupation, three certificates on deduced by Yury and his coauthor – the director of a pilot farm "Novokakhovsky" Vasily Derevyanko of a grade.
What affected on Bogdanovsky at a choice of names for them? It is rather that he created them on the anonymous mountain. Names, as they say, began to sound: Gore Goverl, Gore Roman Kosh, Gore Rogers!
Me these sonorous names, and how sustained these grades last severe winter interested not so much. And now, having arrived to it to Feodosiya, the first about what asked, so about it.
It, the person, got used to speak in details, began not with them, and from the Russian. In 1959 the selector from the A.K Nikitsky botanical garden. Pasenkov deduced this grade from crossing of a persimmon East from the American. From the last the Russian also inherited a winter hardiness gene. Later other selector from the A.N same garden. Kazas sew its stones, and from the second generation of the Russian at free pollination seyanets from whom the selector, having selected the best were received, received a grade the Nikitsky claret.
All these two grades, especially that their frost resistance allowed to advance subsequently a persimmon which yuzhnoberezhya didn’t leave earlier limits are good, is far out of its limits.
However there is at them a small shortcoming – a melkoplodnost – fruits in weight of 40-65 grams. In a krupnost to them with fruits to Hiakuma (the so-called Regulus) not to compete.
- Here also decided to continue selection, to receive from the same grades posterity not only resistant against frosts, but also yielding large fruits – are told by Yury. – In the spring of 1992 sew seeds Nikitsky claret, received from free pollination, from seyanets selected three the best to which then and gave names – Gore Goverl, Gore Roman Kosh and Gore Rogers. All of them inherited from the American persimmon stability against frosts, and from East – a krupnoplodnost – fruits in weight of 200-250 grams.
Seyantsa Bogdanovskogo in 1996 zaplodonosili, yielded a harvest of large fruits of excellent flavoring quality.
- And it is possible to distinguish, say, fruits of the Mountain of Goverla from Mountain fruits Roman Kosh or Mountains Rogers? – asked Yury.
According to its description, fruits of the first grade are large, krugly, but from above and from below slightly flat, at the second – in a projection almost ovate-quadrangular, and at the third – too an oval square, but more flat.
Fruits of all these three grades after sema should be kept in boxes to a full softening when the pulp becomes povidloobrazny and loses tartness.
As to cultivation of this unique garden subropichesky culture, the first that it is possible to note, she doesn’t demand any chemical processings, so gives a non-polluting product, and the second – is unpretentious (at Bogdanovsky grows and gives very much even quite good crops on the stony and clay soil).
And to solve at last dispute of hurmovodov-amateur on on what stock it is better to grow up its saplings, besides we will use experience of this feodosiysky gardener. Bogdanovsky tried all existing stocks. Imparted on a persimmon ordinary (so-called Caucasian). It is steadier against a drought, but less zimostoysky. Virginka (American) on the contrary even to 300ne is afraid of a frost, but suffers from a drought.
For many years pitomnichestvo he came to a conclusion, in my opinion, to the correct: the American stock allocates with quality of frost resistance and an elevated part of a plant, and therefore to sit down the saplings which have been grown up on this stock follows where is colder, and imparted on ordinary (Caucasian) – there where heat.
As to root system (at a verginka to the earth the naked core deeply leaves, and at Caucasian – branchy mochkovaty) that, according to Yury, confirmed, by the way, his experience, a lot of things depends on the soil: if it fertile and friable, and on a verginka it is possible to grow up a persimmon tree with the branched-out root system.
Century PASHHENKO, literary editor.