In a note the short technical characteristics of means of small-scale mechanization for country farms – motor-blocks and minitractors is given.
UDC 629
In individual country farms about 70 % of milk and meat, and to 90 % of potatoes and vegetables now are developed, and without small-scale mechanization by it not to manage. What is offered for peasants now?
First are motor-blocks. Their market grows from year to year. Motor-blocks share on three groups: lungs (15-25kg), average (30-60kg) and heavy (70kg and above). Lungs are generally used as propashny, they are of little use for soil loosening. Average are universal motor-blocks. They carry out the greatest range of works, since weeding and finishing transportation small, to 200-300kg, cargoes. Heavy – are intended for such works, as a plowed land, milling on depth to the 25-28th, transportation of goods.
Are most popular are average motor-blocks. Among domestic, such as "Motor Sich", "Dnipro", "Advis" is most popular the last.
If there is a motor-block, generally it is possible to refuse completely a plowed land and cultivation. With its help the soil on 20sm in the autumn is loosened, with the earth the brought manure and the vegetative remains well mixes up. For a plowed land a tractor of 10 hundred parts it is necessary to pay 50 UAH., and for the motor-block it is enough somewhere 1,5l. gasoline. i.e. 6 UAH.
However what fine motor-blocks, to mini-tractors to them very much and very far wouldn’t be. The mini-tractor is the reduced copy big, it has the same functions. It is hydraulic system, a shaft of selection of capacity, separate brakes, differential blocking. A mini-tractor if to have a full set of stock to it, can perform that work, as big, only in much smaller volumes.
The market of mini-tractors in Ukraine in recent years roughly develops, though domestic some models. Best of the domestic are made by HTZ. On replacement T-012 the plant lets out T-1410 and T-1610. HTZ 1410 is the same T-012, but instead of the petrol SK-12 engine 11l.s. put a two-cylinder diesel engine of 2DTH 14l.s. oil cooling of production of the Kharkov plant of Malyshev. And T-1610 same T-012, but SMD-900 18 h.p. of water cooling of other enterprise equipped with a diesel engine.
T-012 (base model for T-1410 and T-1610), very reliable and hardy tractor. It is possible to carry to advantages of this model and the size of a track of wheels. It 70sm and 90sm. The majority of propashny cultures is grown up with a row-spacing 70sm, this tractor approaches in the best way. And a shortcoming at T-012 – its hydraulic system. The control system is badly made. It is too difficult and weak. Annually it is necessary peretachivat plugs. It would be expedient to make on a tractor and a forward drive. The mass of a tractor is insignificant and additional coupling with the earth won’t prevent.
Mini-tractors of production of Belarus at us are presented MTZ-082 and MTZ – 082BS. A difference between them in engines. MTZ-082 is equipped with petrol 4th taktny engine SN-12-10 11l.s., and at MTZ-082BS the American petrol 4th taktny BriggsStratton engine of 14,5 h.p. These models are executed according to the scheme a breaking frame. The price for them with a stock set (a plow, a cultivator, a hitch with harrows, a mower, a podgrebatel, a kartofelekopatel) the such: MTZ-082 – 25 thousand UAH., MTZ-082BS – 28 thousand UAH.
In recent years China very actively started to master our market of agricultural machinery. From the Chinese tractors various models in capacity from 12 to 30 h.p. are presented. The price for them moderated – from 14 to 25 thousand UAH.
In the miniequipment market we have 3 years Japanese tractors. These tractors not new, but second-hand, but despite it disperse well. Have capacity from 14 to 32 h.p. The price from 15 to 28 thousand UAH.
Here for example, a technical characteristics of the KubotaV 600 mini-tractor which on dimensions is similar to HTZ T-012:
Dimensions, cm: length 199, width 90, visota 166.
Wheels: back 7×14, lobbies 5×12, a drive 4×4, a track – 74 and 84sm.
The engine – a two-cylinder diesel engine 577sm3 water cooling of 14 h.p., fuel consumption – 0,8 l/hours, 6 speeds forward and 2 back. The shaft of selection of capacity has 3 speeds – 540-860 – 1000í/minute. Weight of 475 kg. Hydraulics. The tractor is equipped with a mill capture 1m. KubotaV 6000 price – 15,5 thousand UAH.
(On magazine materials To Fermerska a hospodariate).