Libya, Sofia, Prometheus, Vodogray are the hybrid forms of the grapes which have been selected by the Zaporozhye selector Vitaly Zagorulko at artificial hybridization of grades of Arcady, the Flamingo, Nimrang; CB20-365, Kishmish radiant, Cardinal, Kishmish pink.
In article the author gives total characteristics to these hybrids.
The relation to this grade of the Odessa selection at us in the Crimea the ambiguous. One wine-growers speak: yes, a pier, all it is good – a cluster large and berry, taste excellent, but its stability to mildyu and oidiumu is rather weak.
Well and others … Often it is necessary to happen in the village of Roshchino of the Dzhankoisky area at wine-grower Sergey Ilyukhin and his companions Yury Kalina and Nikolay Choropita, and in each arrival as soon as speech comes about this grade, I hear from them:
– Arcady – a fine grade, very best market, its clusters go in the market on a level with berries of grades Podayorok Zaporozhyyu, Laura, Golben Nou, the Talisman. Well and that kasaetsya sores, that, we think, the one who schitaet that in general it is not necessary to spray in a complex steady grades strongly risks. If even a grade for lazy – to Podarok Zapoyorozhyyu in the past, the extremely adverse year, they zacepili, what about others to tell. Here also made, nayouchenny the bitter experience, a conclusion: the preventive processings, at least two for vegetation, are obligatory, and in neyoblagopriyatny years – and all four.
Not to trust these people who long ago have already affirmed in the market of grapes, there are no bases.
And once at fair in Simferopol sluchayyono saw at the photo stand: large, size about a five-copeck coin, the rozovoliky berries gathered in weighty clusters as though smiled from a picture. Visitors detained on them a look, stopped, interested.
And me pulled to this stand. I read inscriptions: Promeyotya, Libya, Sofia, Vodogray…
I get acquainted with the owner of the stand. Vitaly Zagorulko, vinogradar from Zaporozhye. From it also I learn that all of them presented at the stand – children Arkadi.
That it is possible to tell about them! However, in their selection Vitaly Zagoyorulko also was engaged. Therefore, he knows best…
Grapes selection on komyopleksny stability – truyodoyemky process. It is connected with complexity carried out zadachi when receiving new rasyoteniye with two and more dominiyoruyushchy signs, and also probability of receiving neobyokhodimy result after carrying out hybridization. To Poyoetoma it was created mini-programma on development and a vneyodreniye selection processa grade removal only on early ripeness and rozovookrashennost signs out of spetsiayolizirovanny scientific research institute – in usloyoviya of a private vineyard.
Into the program entered: the analysis of a genofund of grapes on rozovookrashennost, selection of rodiyotelsky pairs, creation of mateyorialno-technical base for carrying out an artificial gibyoridizatsiya, crossing of rodiyotelsky pairs, selection and ispytayony perspective seyanets. The analysis of the main characteristics of grapes allowed opredelitsya with the main parametrami again created grades. It should be: krupnogrozdnost and krupnoyagodnost. The cluster should be srednerykhly that provides dostup air and its airing during maturing, and also possibility of profilaktichesyoky processing fungicidami berries during the outbreak of gribyokovy diseases. Berry dolzhna to have original formu (yaytsevidny, soskovidny), high accumulation of sugars, muscat aroma, weight – not less than 8 g.
For artificial hybridization as parent donors were selected Arcady’s grade (Moldova x the Cardinal) and a hybrid form of the Flamingo (Nimrang x CB20-365). Ottsovsyokiye donors – is Arcady and Kishmish radiant (The cardinal x Kishmish pink). At a skreyoshchivaniye (The flamingo x Arcady) is selected one seyanets (the working name Libya), and at a skreshchiyovaniye (Arcady x Kishmish luyochisty) three seyanets (Sofia, Prometheus, Vodogray) are selected. Hybridization and selection of vinogyoradny seyanets were carried out on private grape to an uchasyotka (The Zaporozhye area, the Vayosilevsky area, page. Kamensk). Selection of seyanets osushhestvlen on a natural background of a proyoizrastaniye with application no more than two processings fungicidami (tilt-250, ridomil) for the vegetative period. Korneyovy system of seyanets raspolozhena on depth of 0,3-0,4 m. Soil – the southern chernozems with sand and clay impurity.
LIYOVY’S HYBRID FORM. The vegetative period from the beginning of blooming of kidneys till a demountable maturity of berries of 105-110 days. A crown young pobega light green, without an opusheyoniya. First leaf almost integral, other pyatilopastny srednerassechenny. Cheyoreshkovy dredging open. The annual ripened escape of light brown color. Tsveyotok oboyepoly. Cluster krupyony, length of 25 cm and more, tsilindrokonichesky, srednerykhly. Some clusters vetvisyoty. Berries large (28×18-22 mm), pink, a form from ovalyyony to the yaytsevidny. Pulp fleshy and juicy, with muscat aroma and a high sakharonakoppeniye. Sugar content – 20-23 %, acidity of 5-6 g/l. A thin skin at food not oshhushhaetsya. In the berries 1-3 seeds which are easily separating from pulp.
The hybrid form has big clusters with large pink berries and brightly vyyorazhenny muscat taste remaining in berry after maturing till 30 days. Berry oidiumy practically not porazhaetsya. Kornesobstvennye of planting silnorosly. Autumn coloring of leaves nachinaetsya from a pozhelteniye of edges. Ripening of annual escapes full, at an overload a crop – 70-80 %. A scrap of fructifying rods – 2-6 kidneys. Stability to mildyu, oidiumu 3-3,5 points, are necessary 2-3 preventive obrabotki fungicidami (TILT-250, ridomil). Frost resistance to-21 degrees.
SOYOFY’S HYBRID FORM. The vegetative period from the beginning of blooming of kidneys till a demountable maturity of berries of 105-110 days. A crown and the top moloyody leaves dark green cveta, without omission. A leaf large and very large, roundish with a weak rassechennost, sometimes the slightly wavy. Petiolar dredging open. Flower funyoktsionalno the female. A cluster large and very large, length to 30-40 cm, tsilindrichesyoky, average friability. The cluster leg to 10 cm, green, doesn’t break at srezke and a transyoportirovka. Berries very krupyony, 28-36×20-21 mm, pink color, remind a yaytsevidny form of berries Arkadi. The berry thin skin at food isn’t felt. Pulp fleshy and juicy, with musyokatny aroma. The Sakharisyotost – 18-22 %, acidity of 6-8 g/l. In the biggest berries on 1-2 seeds. The hybrid form is inclined to a partenokarpiya.
Kornesobstvennye a nasazhdeyoniya silnorosly with very krupyony leaves. Shanks xorosho take roots. Saplings have well developed koryonevy system. Autumn okraska leaves the flavovirent.
Scrap of fructifying rods – on 4-8 kidneys. The best opylitel for Soyofy’s hybrid form – Arcady. Flowering of a grade and a hybrid form in conditions Zaporozhsyoka of area the simultaneous. Bushes silnorosly, escapes grow ripe evenly and a polyonost, it is necessary to avoid a vneyoseniye of surplus of nitric udobreyoniya. Stability to mildyu and oidiumu 3-3,5 points, neobxodimy 2-3 preventive processings fungicidami (TILT 250, ridomil). The Morozoustoyyochivost to – 210S.
HYBRID FORM PROYOMETYA. The vegetative period from the beginning of blooming of kidneys till a demountable maturity of berries of 115-120 days. A crown young pobega green, without omission. Leaf large roundish, pyatilopastny, poorly rassechenny. Cheyoreshkovy dredging open. The annual ripened escape of brown color. Flower functionally female. A cluster large, srednerykhly, on structure, as at Aryokady’s grade. Berry large, on forme and is identical to the size yagodam Arcady’s grade, pink color, at complete ripening of dark pink color. Pulp fleshy and juicy, with brightly vyrayozhenny muscat aroma, a thin skin thick, being torn at food. Sugar content – 18-21 %, acidity of 6-8 g/l.
Hybrid form, sozrevaet at the same time with Arcady’s grade. When maturing berry originally gather an original color of alternating light-and dark pink strips. At complete maturing of berry okrashivayutsya in dark pink color.
Shanks well ukorenyayutsya. Saplings have well developed root system. A scrap of fructifying rods on 4-8 kidneys. Ripening of odnoletyony run the good. The Ustoyyochivost to mildyu and oidiumu 3-3,5 points. 2-3 preventive processings fungicidami (tilt-250, ridomil) are necessary. Frost resistance to – 210S.
HYBRID FORM VODOGRAI. Vegetative period from the blooming beginning pochek till a demountable maturity of berries 1 20-125 of days. A crown molodogo escape light green, without omission. Annual vyzrevyoshy escape of light brown color. Leaf of average size, pyatilopastny, srednerassechenny. A cluster large, srednerykhly, on a long plodoyonozhka. Flower oboyepoly. Yagoyoda large, 28-36×18-20 mm, soskovidny, pink (in a zaviyosimost from a solar expoziyotsiya of a cluster of berry begin okrashivatsya in pink color with a sharp tip). Pulp myayosisto-juicy, with muscat the aroyomaty. Sugar content – 18-20 %, acidity of 6-7 g/l.
Color of vegetative escapes the red and green. Kornesobyostvennye saplings silnorosyoly, it is frequent from the trekhyarusny sforyomirovanny root sisteyomy. A scrap of fructifying rods – 4-8 kidneys. Annual escapes grow ripe well. Stability to mildyu and oidiumu 3-3,5 points, are necessary 2-3 preventive obrabotki fungicidami (TILT-250, ridomil). Frost resistance to – 210S. At adverse factors during flowering (a rain, increases temperatury more +300S) probably small gorosheniye of berries that slightly influences marketability and beauty of clusters.
Hybrid seyanets Libya, Vodogray inherited oboyoepoly type of a flower, Sofia – functionally female. They inherited a fructification Stayobilnost from Arkayody’s grade. Well take roots, but tests for a soyovmestimost with fillokserousyotoychivy stocks are necessary for a vyyavyoleniye of possibility of their proizrasyotaniye in zones a rasprostraneyoniya of the quarantine wrecker.
The hybrid forms specified above "are how plastic" and universal", pozvolit to establish only ispyyotany them in different vinogradaryosky regions of Ukraine. Neobyokhodimo further prodolzheyony selection work on crossing of donors – nosiyotel of signs rannespelosti and rozovookrashennost with donors – ustoyyochivost carriers to fungoid zaboleyovaniye and a frost. Are for this purpose necessary: additional financing and means for improvement of a tekhnoloyogiya of selection process of receiving a hybrid potomyostvo with reduction of terms of the introduction in fructification. It will allow to accelerate vyyavleyony and selection of perspective gibyoridny forms of grapes.
Century ZAGORULKO, Zaporozhye.