In this publication recommendations about preparation of agricultural machinery to storage for a long time, in particular, how to prepare driving belts, vtulochno-roller chains, tires, fuel equipment, hydrohinged system, electric equipment are made.
HOW to SAVE UP EQUIPMENT AT STORAGE
The length of life of driving belts depends not only on their correct operation, but also from storage during the non-working period. Under the influence of a sunlight and heat rubber of driving belts loses elasticity, becomes rigid and fragile, on it there are cracks. Fuel, oils and other aggressive liquids cause destruction of rubber and a kordny fabric. Therefore in storage of belts it is necessary to eliminate these destroying factors. The removed belts wipe a dry and pure obtirochny material, carefully examine, unsuitable for further operation vybrakovyvayut. Suitable consider belts without mechanical damages, stratifications of the fabric laying, sticking-out threads, cracks, dents and bubbles. Lengthening them shouldn’t exceed the limiting size. Belts wash out in warm soap water. For this purpose in 10 l of water dissolve 50 … 100 g of soap and 100 g trinatrijfosfata. Belts wash out in soap solution and clear a hair brush or an obtirochny material. Then belts of two – three – and mnogoruchyevy transfers connect in sets. To them attach labels with the indication of accessories of belts, brand and an economic machine number and hand over on a warehouse.
Driving belts can be stored together with other rezinotkanevy products in specially equipped warehouses. Rooms should be dry, heated, with air temperature from-5 to +25°S (daily fluctuations of temperature no more 10°S), relative humidity of air 50… 70 %. In rooms of a warehouse should be hung up, more than 1 m put at distance from heating devices. Belts store Klinovye in expanded form. To them apply hung up with the semicircular shelf, curvature radius – within 100… 200 mm according to the extent of cross-section section and length of a belt. Existence of the semicircular shelf warns sharp excesses and destruction of belts at long storage.
In a storage time belts periodically examine and monthly turn on a shelf surface that there were no excesses. At emergence of putrefactive spots belts disinfect 2 %-nym formalin solution.
Driving belts of the cars which are storing in good closed rooms, it is possible to leave by cars unloaded, having carefully cleared them of oil products and other pollution. If belts are removed from the car, it is necessary to protect from corrosion working surfaces of pulleys and the tension rollers, adjoining to belts, having covered them with anticorrosive greasing.
VTULOCHNO-ROLIKOVYE CHAINS
Vtulochno-rolikovye chains after completion of seasonal works remove from cars, clear of a dust, wash out in a bath with flushing liquid, blow the compressed air or wipe rags before complete removal of moisture and examine.
Driving chains with big wear and a large number of the destroyed details vybrakovyvayut after visual survey without measurements. The low-worn-out chains having some destroyed details, and chains at which the provorachivaniye of plugs in internal plates or rollers in external plates, pereklepyvayut is revealed, deleting links with faulty details. Pereklepannye and serviceable chains after visual control check on lengthening. Chains with the average step of a link increased to 4 % from the initial size, are subject to storage in the closed rooms, a chain with lengthening more than 4 % vybrakovyvayut. Carefully washed up chains place in a tank with the engine oil which has been heated up to 80 … 90°S, and maintain 15 ….20 minutes. The boiled thoroughly chains take out from a tank and put in a bath with a double mesh bottom that superfluous oil flew down. After running off of the remains of oil of a chain curtail into rolls, attach to each chain a label with the indication of brand and an economic machine number and chain accessory, wrap chains in dense paper or stack in a box and hand over on a warehouse. At storage of cars in the closed rooms vtulochno-roller chains after pro-cooking oil establish without a tension on the corresponding asterisks of the car.
TYRES
At long influence of atmospheric ozone, ultra-violet sunshine and an atmospheric precipitation of the tire, naturally, grow old. As a result on a surface of rubber there is a dense grid of the small cracks considerably reducing durability and elasticity of products. At long influence of sunshine rubber is strongly softened, depth of cracks increases, especially on the stretched and deformed sites. Surfaces of the tires left by cars, being stored on the open areas, protect from aging, covering with wax structures ZVVD-13, PEV-74, aluminum paint AKS-3 or AKS-4. Aluminum AKS-3 paint – a mix of aluminum powder with a light oil varnish in the ratio 1:4 or 1:5. AKS-4 paint – a mix of aluminum powder with White-spiritom in the ratio 1:4 or 1:5. Prepare aluminum paint before coloring of tires, stirring slowly with a varnish and gradually adding in it aluminum powder. Paint pass through a metal sieve. Before coloring of the tire of wheels wash water and blow the compressed air before complete removal of moisture.
Brush or spray paint put on a surface of tires with a thin and equal layer. When drawing by a brush paint shade in two mutually perpendicular directions, carefully watching that all deepenings and flutes of a protector were filled with paint. On tires with a grid of small cracks aluminum paint put in two layers. The first layer dries 10 h at ambient temperature 18… 20°S. After complete drying of the first paint coat put the second.
FUEL EQUIPMENT
Details of fuel equipment of the diesel engines, made with big accuracy, fail at emergence of the slightest signs of corrosion. Precision details of nozzles and plunzher are especially sensitive to it. Possibility of corrosion defeats of details of fuel equipment increases, if water gets to fuel when filling and at condensation on walls of tanks parov waters from air. Ways of protection against corrosion of surfaces of details of fuel equipment – their cleaning, removal of the remains of fuel from them, greasings and sealing of internal cavities.
New effective way of preservation of internal surfaces of diesel engines, transmissions, etc. – addition in working oils and fuels of anticorrosive additives
AKOR-1 or KP. For preservation of fuel equipment (a fuel tank, toplivoprovodov, the fuel pump, nozzles, etc.) it is necessary to prepare the rabochekonservatsionny mix consisting of 95 % of fuel and 5 % of an additive. The Rabochekonservatsionny mix fill in in a tank, scroll a diesel engine within 5 minutes. After that the fuel equipment will be preserved. It is necessary to perform only operations on sealing of a diesel engine and a fuel tank. It is not required to special degreasing. Diesel engine start-up after storage is carried out with a rabochekonservatsionny mix; as required in a fuel tank add diesel fuel.
For storage of units of hydrosystem before car statement on long storage carefully clear of a dust and oil smudges external surfaces of units and oil pipelines, check tightness of hydrosystem, eliminate oil smudges, tighten connections of unions in a tank, the pump, the distributor, hydrocylinders and replace consolidations in oil pipelines. Then merge oil from hydrosystem, carefully wash out it flushing liquid and fill with the dehydrated diesel oil with addition of 5 % of additive AKOR-1 (in the absence of an additive system fill with the dehydrated diesel oil).
HYDROHINGED SYSTEM
Rods of the main and portable cylinders involve against the stop the piston in a back cover that processed their part came out less. Valves of hydromechanical regulation close, that cores came out them as little as possible. Acting parts of rods and cores of valves of gidroyomekhanichesky regulation cover with the PVK protective greasing.
Tank mouth, opening sapuna, oil shhupa and others pressurize an opening laying, jams, pastings. From flexible rubber hoses of hydrosystem delete a dust. Oil spots from surfaces of hoses wash away warm soap water, hoses blow the compressed air before complete removal of moisture, with a brush put on their surface aluminum paint in two layers.
The mechanism of the hinged device clear of the earth and corrosion. On all spherical hinges of the bottom and top drafts, carving connections raskosov and couplers of restrictive chains put the PVK protective greasing. Handles of hydraulic distributors of tractors, cranes of management and cranes distributors of self-propelled combines establish in neutral situation, shesterenchaty pumps switch off.
ELECTRIC EQUIPMENT
All electric equipment before car statement on storage check and eliminate the revealed malfunctions, smooth out contacts of sound signals; check and if necessary regulate gaps between electrodes of candles and breaker contacts magneto, clear candles of a deposit, grease with liquid konservatsionny oil a surface of a cam of the breaker and other details subject to corrosion.
Electroconducting carefully examine, the damaged sites isolate, unusable replace. If it is necessary, clear isolation of wires of oil and greasing. Check an inhaling of clips of electric equipment, grease them with a thin layer of greasing, without allowing its hit on isolation of wires.
The generator and starter carefully clear outside, blow in them the compressed air. At a podgoraniye of collector plates of starters them smooth out a glass skin and blow the compressed air.
Check devices of lighting and other knots of electric equipment. In the presence of corrosion socles and cartridges of lamps and other places of contact accession smooth out a glass skin. At car storage on the open area the generator, a starter, headlights remove and store in specially equipped warehouse.
Storage batteries remove from the car and place in specially equipped office of a warehouse or hand over on the centralized storage.
(On Avtodvor magazine materials).