In the publication short characteristics and an agrotechnology of cultivation of caraway seeds, fennel, a chaber garden are given.
CARAWAY SEEDS – a biannual grassy plant of family seldereyny
CARAWAY SEEDS – a biannual grassy plant of family seldereyny. It is cultivated mainly in Ukraine. Grades of caraway seeds aren’t present, in a proyoizvodstvo use local populations. Fruits use for aromatization of bakery products, and also as seasoning to soups, meat dishes, at a fermentation of cabbage and salting of cucumbers.
In I write also use leaves and young escapes. Caraway seeds trebovatelen to light. Plant holodostoyky. Grows on different soils, cream boggy and with a high zaleganiye of ground waters. Seeds sprout at temperature 7-8°S. Sow early in the spring on well processed and pure soil from weeds.
Norm of seeding on personal plots of 5-6 g/m. Leaving for posevami consists in weeding of weeds, loosening of row-spacings and, in need of waterings. It is cleaned at a pobureniye 40-50%plodov, separate way as seeds ripen not at the same time. In country conditions seeds clean in two steps: at first cut off selectively ripe umbrellas, and a late plant completely.
Caraway seeds fine melliferous herb.
FENNEL – a perennial grassy plant of family selyyodereyny. The homeland – the Mediterranean. Loves heat and light therefore well winters in the southern regions. In Georgia – it cereco, and in Armenia chorus – the summit. Breeds seeds, is more rare – bush division. Sow fennel in the early spring with width of row-spacings 45 see. Depth of seal of seeds of 2-3 cm, norm of seeding of 10 kg/hectares. For a crop polucheyoniya more a progressive tense, repeated crops carry out every 2-3 week. Care of crops consists of a prorezhivaniye of shoots on 15-20 cm, loosening of the soil, weedings, waterings and podkormok. Grades Peppery, Garden and Grebnevy are cultivated. Seeds fenxelya clean in the separate way when seeds on central zontike dry, and on umbrellas of the second order didn’t ripen yet. Fresh leaves put in salads, with them fill pyureobrazny vegetable soups, meat and fish dishes. Stalks apply when salting cucumbers. Seyomenami of fennel fish dishes, pikuli and marinades flavor. Them add at a cabbage fermentation, a pickles of cucumbers and tomatoes. Fennel – a fine melliferous herb.
CHABER GARDEN (fragrant) – an annual plant of family yasnotkovy. The homeland – the Mediterranean and the countries of the Middle East.
Plant thermophilic, preferring open solnechyony places with fertile easy soils. Seeds sow in the spring when passes danger of frosts, in konpe April or the beginning of May.
Norm of seeding of 5-8 kg/hectares, and on personal plots – 0,3-0,4 g/m. Depth of seal of seeds 1-2 see. Before emergence of shoots often water. After emergence of shoots, thin out them on 8-10 see. Care of crops: 2-3 weedings with 3-5 waterings.
The zoned grades of a chaber fragrant aren’t present. The Transcaucasian populations are widespread: Garden, Leninakan and Tajik. Srezka of greens will see selectively to flowering and temper, when plants start to blossom. Chaber would enter aromatizator structure for a spicy marinaded herring. It is used in a fresh and dried look to soups, salads, meat, fish, and also when salting cucumbers and tomatoes.
N SKRIPKIN, honored worker of agricultural industry of Ukraine.