In article there is a speech about development by scientists of the new equipment, allowing to provide high efficiency of application of means of protection of plants. It is offered to replace existing technology with use of chamber sprayers. At their action on a rod the optimum amount of solution therefore its expense is economic gets.
Introduction of a chamber sprayer gives the chance to reduce in 2-3 times solution losses yadoximikatov.
Reorganization 2002
Among the major proyobly rural an economy vusloviya southern oblasyoty Ukraine, including Crimea – fight against vreyoditel and diseases in gardening and a vinograyodarstvo. Before scientists and production workers stoyat tasks of creation and introduction of the new equipment, allowing to provide high efficiency of application of chemical means of protection of plants with the minimum harmful effects on the okruzhayuyoshchy environment.
Nowadays ventilyatorny opryskivayotel of national and imyoportny production are applied to processing of viyonogradnik. At their work of loss of solution yadoximikatov on the soil and owing to hit in an atyomosfer reach from 30 to 90 percent.
It is possible to eliminate shortcomings of sushchestvuyuyoshchy technology at the expense of an izobreyoteniye of new equipment, use of chamber opyoryskivatel. At their deyyostviye processing of plants is carried out in the closed chamber. On a rod the amount of solution therefore it rasxod it is economic gets more optimum. A mechanism principle such is that the thaws which have not settled on stalks and leaves, are caught special ustrojstvami and come back in osyonovny a sprayer tank. Losses yadoximikatov svedeny to a minimum – peryovy plus. The second – such unit effectively rabotaet under any weather conditions (except for rainy days).
The single-row opryskivayotel OBKH-300/500 is aggregated by caterpillar trakyotor T-0B, T-70C and druyogy this class. On a treyobovaniye of customers and consumers sprayers for an agregatiyorovaniye wheel traktorami the MTZ-80/82 type or YuMZ with the established narrow track of running wheels are made. Dvukhryadny kameryony sprayer OKPV-1000 works as Priyotsepna in the unit with tractors of this brand.
Sprayer OBKH-300/500 represents soyoby the hinged car intended for work in foothill and mountain mestnosti. It consists of two blocks, independently naveyoshanny on a tractor: yomkosti for working solution with equipment of cleaning and adjustment of its giving; the otyodelny chamber with raspyyolyayushchy devices and mechanisms of catching and return to a tank of surpluses of solution. The width of the working chamber and height of its raspoyolozheniye over a surface of the soil are regulated by a trakyotorist of a cabin.
The second sprayer OKPV-1000 – is the dvukhryadyony car for carrying out chemical protection of vinogyoradnik from wreckers and diseases in a flat mesyotnost with a soil bias to 5 degrees a method of small and volume spraying of bushes in the closed chamber. Consists of the main frame with a running gear, on the kotoyory the capacity for solution with equipment of giving, cleaning and an expense reguliyorovaniye is established. On the obeyoy parties of a frame smontirovany working chambers with spraying devices, mechanisms of an ulavyolivaniye and return to a tank of surpluses of solution. Upravyoleniye is carried out disyotantsionno – from a tractor cabin. Original sistema car hitches with a tractor allows proizvodit a turn agregata on intercellular polosax in the width of 6 meters.
At car movement on a number of vineyards bushes of plants consistently get to the worker kameru. For besprepyatstvennogo passings of the expanded and bent bushes, and also the inclined shpayolerny support they predvariyotelno become straight speyotsialny guards, rasyopolozhenny in a forward part of the working chamber.
Tests passed uspeshyono and showed that the consumption of working solution via spraying device can be regulated in predelax from 300 to 1200 liters on 1 hectare. The expense of a rayostvor on processing of rasteyoniya makes 150-300 litrov on 1 hectare, losses don’t exceed 30 liters on one hectare. Speed of chamber sprayers – to 6-7 kilometers per hour. The Proizvoyoditelnost of a single-row nayovesny sprayer – 1,8 hectares for a business hour, priyotsepny dvukhryadny – to 3,6 hectares that allows for
12 hours to process vinogyoradnik on 20-30 hectares.
According to the conclusion gosudaryostvenny sanitary epidemiologicheskoj ekspertizy, introduction of a chamber sprayer let’s a vozyomozhnost reduce a saniyotarny zone round vinogyoradnik with 500 to 20 metrov and, thereby, to increase the areas of young nasazhyodeniye, in 2-3 times umenshit solution losses yadoximikatov and to provide an ecological bezopasyonost of environment.
On newspaper materials Crimean news.