In article practical recommendations about the best preservation of tires in the course of their operation are made.
Tires of tractors – rather difficult and expensive products
Tires of tractors – rather difficult and expensive an izdeyoliya. For reduction of operational expenses it is important to increase a length of life of tires, keeping thus their technical indicators. An exit one – not to break service regulations and to fulfill requirements of maintenance of tires and a running gear as a whole.
Among these requirements – ensuring purity of places of parking of tractors, and also absence of pollution of these places oil products and other veyoshchestvo destroying rubber. On warmed parking the tractor should be at distance not less than 1 m from devices of heating systems.
When parking a tractor it is necessary to maintain internal pressure of air in the tires, corresponding to the established norms. In case of long storage (more than 10 days) tractors establish on the special supports providing posting of wheels (tires and suspension bracket elements unload). Thus pressure in tires can be lowered on 20… 30 %. At longer storage (some months) pressure in tires periodically check and if necessary lead up to the demanded.
If the tractor is established on supports, tires remain and during the winter period even in the absence of warehouse. Pressure in tires of driving wheels support thus 0,07… 0,08 MPas (0,7… 0,8 kgfs/cm2), and in tires of napravlyayuyoshchy wheels-0,14… 0,15 MPas (1,4… 1,5 kgfs/cm2). For prevention of direct influence of sunshine and atmospheric influences of the tire grease with special protective structures or cover with light covers from a dense fabric. As protective structures it is possible to apply limy whitewashing or melokazeinovy structure.
For the best preservation of tires in use not out of place to remember rule:
– to begin tractor movement smoothly that tires didn’t slip;
- at tractor withdrawal aside to check, whether pressure in tires decreased;
– not to work and not to allow tractor parking on tires with the lowered or increased internal pressure and not to reduce pressure of air in tires if it increased as a result of heating at movement (in tractor tires after their heating pressure raises usually on 0,02 MPas);
– during maintenance and if necessary to supervise internal pressure in tires, to lead up it to norm according to vypolyonyaemy work;
– to avoid excessive slipping and sliding (yuza) wheels;
- to go round hollows and potholes, not to run into sharp subjects, stubs,
stones, the soil blocks, the scattered parts of selyyoskokhozyaystvenny tools etc.
– not to allow an overload of tires;
– to reduce speed of movement of a tractor on turns and turns, on the roads being in an unsatisfactory condition and on moving;
– to cross tracks only in the places equipped for moving, and not to move on cross ties;
- not to allow sharp braking in order to avoid spotty wear of tires;
- to watch technical serviceability of knots and the tractor details which condition influences intensity of wear process of tires (brake system, details of a suspension bracket of wheels, shock-absorbers, springs, details of the steering mechanism etc.);
– not to approach on regions of sidewalks closely, not to damage bokoviny tires and tubeless tires;
– at stops to examine tires for detection of damages and places of leakages of air;
– to take out the subjects which have got stuck in tires;
– to supervise serviceability of gates and existence of caps on them;
– to check fastening of wheels and if necessary to tighten krepezhyony connections;
– at repair of tires in road and field conditions to use only first-aid kits. Chambers with neprivulkanizirovanny patches at a vozvrayoshcheniye to a place of storage and repair of a tractor to hand over in repair;
– to contain in a full order the shinomontazhny tool, a jack, the manual pump and a manual manometer, the first-aid kit for repair of tires, an emphasis under wheels, supports under bridges, means of antisliding;
– not to pollute a place of movement, parking, a technical obsluzhiyovaniye and tractor maintenance by oil products and others veshhestvami, causing damage of tires;
– not to allow a podtekaniye of brake liquid and hit on greasing tires;
– not to wipe disks and other elements of wheels kerosene or other oil products;
– to avoid movement on the sites of roads polluted nefteproduktami, covered fresh, still hot asphalt or the poured tar;
– not to include without need the forward leading bridge;
– on horizontal sites of roads to avoid movement by a method dispersal-nakat;
– constantly to supervise a technical condition of tires.
At an unexpected puncture of the tire it is necessary to stop immediately a tractor and to repair or replace the chamber. Driving on the lowered tires under any conditions is strictly forbidden. Tractor parking on the lowered tires is inadmissible also.
To maintenance of tires of the tractors transported from zavoyodov-manufacturers in farms or on harvesting in various regions of the country by a railway or water transport, it is necessary to pay osoyoby attention. For the period of transportations pressure in tires of driving wheels of tractors is established on 0,05 … by.0,07 MPas (0,5 ….0,7 kgfs/cm2) higher makyosimalno admissible with its finishing to norm after removal from a zhelezyonodorozhny or water transport. Thus in tires 720-665P (28,1R26) pressure increase by 0,11 MPas (1,1 kgfs/cm2). In tires of directing wheels of tractors at transportation by their railway transport and a waterway support the most admissible pressure.
The operating time of tires is estimated by number of conditional reference hectares on all types of transport and agricultural works with the account pereezdov from a site on a site.
The card of the account got on each tire, – the main document characterizing operation of the tire at presentation of claims, its delivery on regenerative and in local repairs, charge to machine operators of awards for savings of tires, at write-off in junk and other cases.
Tires and tires register in account cards on serial nomeram. When deleting serial numbers in use and repair it is possible on bokovinax to burn out tires garage numbers in height to 45 mm and depth no more than 1 mm. In these cases of the tire register in cards according to garage numbers.
At delivery of tires on the depersonalized restoration after a sootvetstvuyuyoshchy mark in a card of the accounting of their work close. After return of tires to an economy from not depersonalized repair the accounting of their work proceeds. Filling of all columns of cards of the account obligatory.
P. Klimov.
(On Avtodvor newspaper materials).