Results of achievements of various arable mashinotraktorny units on the basis of HTZ tractors are given.
On a way of an agregatirovaniye the combined mashinotraktorny units (KMTA) divide into three groups:
1. KMTA in which one-operational cars (tools) are consistently connected among themselves by means of hitches;
2. Units in which power means are aggregated with the car having a uniform frame on which it is possible to fix constants or replaceable working oreganos;
3. KMTA collected from several one-operational cars (tools), one of the kotoyory hang on forward, and others on back hinged mechanisms of power means.
The third scheme of addition of KMTA is most perspective. Advantages of such units are that the weight and traction resistance of frontally nayoveshanny cars or tools increase vertical load of forward veduyoshchy wheels of power means, increase coupling them with the soil and reduce slipping. As a result, labor productivity raises and udelyyony fuel consumption decreases. Metal consumption and kinematic length agregata in most cases decreases that promotes reduction of width of a rotary strip and decrease in non-productive expenses of time.
However for KMTA assembly according to such scheme power means with the forward hinged mechanism is necessary. It is desirable, that it had also a forward shaft otbora capacities (VOM), a reversive post of management or reversive transmission, the engine with two levels of capacity, etc.
The family of the HTZ-160 tractors almost completely meets these requirements. The HTZ-121 tractor differs from HTZ-160 menyyoshy engine capacity. On a boronovaniye zyabi HTZ-121 aggregated with hitch SG-21.
In tires of the HTZ-121 tractor established such pressure of air:
– forward bridge: internal wheels – 0,11 MPas, external – 0,09 MPas.
– back bridge: internal wheels – 0,09 MPas, external – 0,07 MPas.
By Boronovaniye zyabi the unit it was carried out with speed of 2,27 m/s (8,17 km/h). The Rayobochy width of capture made thus 20,53 ± 0,01 m.
Slipping of dvizhitel of a tractor was rather small. Average value of this indicator made 5,8 %. Productivity of the studied unit made 16,7 hectares/hours of the main (pure) time. Specific fuel consumption equaled thus 0,81 kg/hectares. It approximately for 10 % is less, than when using on the same opeyoratsiya of MTA with the serial wheel T-150K tractor.
After HTZ-121 tractor pass the soil density in a track, in comparison with an agroyotekhnichesky background, increased for 7,6 % and made 1,28 g/cm3 that is in optiyomalny limits.
On continuous cultivation zyabi the same tractor aggregated with a tsentralyyony part of a hitch of the joint venture – 16 and two cultivators KPS-4. Slipping of dvizhitel with dual tires of this unit equaled 9,8 %. With Dvizheteli HTZ-121 condensed the soil to 1,36 g/cm3. Against an initial agrobackground this indicator increased by 5,4 %. At productivity of 5,6 hectares/hours specific fuel consumption made 3,8 kg/hectares. It approximately flush with MTA on the T-150K base.
The izmelchayushche-arable unit which consists of trakyotor HTZ-121, a zadnenavesny plow of PLN type and face-to-face aktivnoprivodny (from forward VOM of a tractor) an eddish grinder under the conditional PRR-1,5 brand is developed for simultaneous crushing of an eddish of grubostebelny cultures and the main processing of the soil. Width of capture of the tool – 1,5 m. The unit moved the right wheels in a furrow with speed of 2,0 m/s.
Working width of capture of a plow – 1,38 m. The tool was adjusted on depth paxoty 25 see.
By predesigns it is established that introduction of the offered komyobinirovanny arable crushing unit on the basis of the HTZ-160 tractor let’s a vozyomozhnost gain on each hectare economic effect at a rate of not less than 30 hryvnias.
Other combined units on the HTZ-160 base are quite perspective also. Thanks to existence of the forward hinged mechanism, on the HTZ-160 base it is possible to realize the arable unit according to the scheme of push – pull ("push-pull").
Table
Results of experimental achievements of arable MTA on the basis of the HTZ-121 tractor
I\òÆç – 121+Åïì – 4-35 (((((((((0+4)
II\òÆç – 121+Åïì – 5-35 (((((((((0+5)
SH – XTZ – 121+PLN – 2 – 35+PLN – 4-35 (2+4)
Note: 1) working speed of movement; 2) working width of capture; 3) osnovyony efficiency; 4) depth of a plowed land; 5) slipping of dvizhitel of a tractor; 6) tyayogovy resistance of a plow; 7) hourly expenses of fuel; 8) pogektarny zatraty fuels.
In laboratory and field conditions compared three schemes of arable MTA. The first consisted of the HTZ-121 tractor and PLN plow – 4-35 (0 +4). At the second, instead of four-box-pusnogo used a five-case plow of ShSh – 5-35 (0+5). The arable unit according to the third scheme (2+4) contains perednenavesny PLN plow – 2-35 and zadnenavesny PLN-4 – 35.
The results of tests of the HTZ-121 tractor given above on preparation pochvy confirm technical possibility and provide an economic tseleyosoobraznost of their realization on the basis of powerful power tools of HTZ-160 family.
(On Propozits_ya magazine materials).