In article there is a speech about castration of cocks. The author of article considers that such birds are easier fattened and quicker gain weight.
Castration of cocks (an okholoshcheniye or an okapluneniye from Latin castratio, castro – I emasculate) – artificial removal of sexual glands (semennik) at a bird.
Poultry breeders apply castration as economic operation. Kastyorirovannye cocks become spokojnymi, are better fattened, quicker zhireyut. Their meat is much more juicy, is more gentle and in what meat of not castrated cocks.
Kapluneniye knew still rimlyanam and to Greeks. In XIXV. it was razvito in Southern France, and in Russia holoshcheyoniy cocks were engaged in some districts of Bessarabia. Okholoshchennye the cockerels who have been well fattened, postupali in sale under the name of capons (Abozin I. I., 1882).
At fatten young, still virgin cockerels, in castration there is no need, but old cocks, as though them otkarmlivali, give meat dry and rigid whereas at capons, it doesn’t concede to meat of young birds and considerably surpasses it by the quantity (Krylov E. I., 1896).
It is best of all to castrate cocks on reaching them 3 – 4-month’s vozrasta when they got stronger already enough and can sustain operation, and their semenyonik (small eggs) reached defined velichiny (in the form of beans) and it is easy proshhupyvayutsya. Besides, cockerels yet sparivalis with chickens.
Operation carry out in prokhladyony, a little damp weather. In itself it is very simple, however demands big dexterity, skill and the greatest care. To make castration two should by all means: operator and poyomoshchnik. Inyostrument will be necessary for operation: a sharp knife at which the end of an edge is inflexed, tweezers, nippers of a lozhkovidny form with cutting edges, a needle and cerated threads.
Before operation of cocks during a suyotok don’t feed, as castration udobyony to carry out at the emptied craw and intestines. The vnutyorennost blank by food occupy smaller volume, the risk soyootvetstvenno decreases to wound a bird during operation. The assistant ukladyvaet a cock on a table on the right side, delays the left wing to a tail so, chtoby to open the left side where the operator will do a cut (the provision of semennik in an abdominal cavity is defined by the line of the last edges). Feathers under a wing on a place where there are the last two edges, operating moistens and pulls out, skin wipes alcohol. After that delaet a cut lengthways from a backbone between edges. The seemed blood wets through a gauze napkin. Through a cut guts (interior) will be visible, under them there are semennik. By means of tweezers the operating expands a cut, then the left hand by means of tweezers takes aside guts, and right enters into a cut nippers with which grasps at first left, and then the right semennik.
Semenniki, reminding in a form and the size beans, are attached to a pozvonochyonik by a friable connecting fabric. They settle down over kidneys, behind lungs. As semennik very elastic and slippery, at removal it is necessary to try not to miss them, differently they will escape in an internal cavity that will cause a vospayoleniye which will lead to death of a bird.
Operating usually does nebolyyoshy a cut that a wound not to sew up. It is the share of a big cut nakladyvat seams.
After operation of cocks place in a pure cage with a soft laying. At first leave them in absolute rest, and after a while to them vypaivayut water and give a legkoperevarimy and piyotatelny forage (concentrates, zameyoshanny on milk or razvarenny in a meat broth, etc.). Through the 1-2nd suyotok of cocks place in more prostoryony room, in it is mute not should be subjects, on which birds could fly up. After that cocks otsazhivayut in cages for otkorma.
At the castrated cock nature of behavior changes: it loses the priyorozhdenny vivacity and grace, at it ischezaet a sexual passion. About pugnacity can’t be and speeches, even the small cockerel can offend him. The person, greben and ear rings become pale. Mane feathers ugly overhang, kositsa and spurs are underdeveloped, the tail poyostoyanno is lowered. Neck ugly vytyanuta forward. The plumage loses the elasyotichnost and shine. The cock doesn’t crow, xodit sleepy and languid, with absolutely sad look. It seems, as if all life of a bird, by the nature so boyodry and active, concentrates on one appetite. The capon quickens, kogda to it give a forage, on which it nabrasyvaetsya with greed.
The castrated cocks otkarmlivayutsya easier and quicker than the usual. That otlichat capons, at them cut off a crest.
Among poultry breeders there are also opponents of a kayostratsiya. They argue that meat young, not coupling yet with hens petuxov, on tenderness and taste doesn’t concede to meat of capons.
(On Ogorodnik magazine materials).