In article information from republican meeting of wine-growers and wine makers of AR Crimea in which is presented questions of preparation of vinogradarsky farms and the enterprises of winemaking of an autonomy by a season of cleaning and grapes processing are taken in detail up.
WAY TO the FUTURE of the CRIMEAN WINE GROWING AND WINEMAKING
(from republican meeting of wine-growers and wine makers of AR Crimea)
On the basis of vinogradarsky farms of JSC Agro-Yukos (the village of Roshchino of the Dzhankoysky area), JSC Oktyabrskoye (the Voskhodnensky Village Soviet of the Krasnogvardeysky area), and JSC Oktyabrsky vino-konyachny zavod (the village Amur the Krasnogvardeysky area) was held by KFH "Nectarine" (the Krasnogvardeysky area) republican meeting on which readiness of vinogradarsky farms and the wine-making enterprises for cleaning and processing of grapes of a season of 2008 was considered.
In meeting which conducted the vice-chairman of Council of ministers of AR Crimea N. P. Kolisnichenko, the chairman of the Constant commission of the Verkhovna Rada of AR Crimea on the agrarian and land questions, ecology and O.L.Rusetsky’s rational environmental management, the minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea P.I.Akimov, Minagropolitika’s experts, representatives of agrarian scientific institutions of the Crimea, deputy chairmen of regional public administrations in agrarian questions, the main agriculturists of regional managements of agroindustrial development, heads of vinogradarsky farms and the processing enterprises took part.
Behind a village fence of the village of Roshchino of the Dzhankoysky region of participants of meeting waited built in a row at edge of a vineyard of JSC Agro-Yukos of the technician. Units, mostly Italian production, of different function were presented: for soil alignment on a vineyard and for a poluukryvka of bushes, the pneumodrills capable in a day to drill poles of the areas in one and a half hectare. Here for display the modern equipment for interrow processing of the soil on vineyards was exposed.
The special attention of participants of a seminar was involved by firm container of "Agro-Yukos". Creation creative think of his experts, made by Simferopol "Krymbumagoy", this cardboard packing is easy and convenient at transportation, is much cheaper wooden and plastic.
The director of "Agro-Yukos" N. G. Choropita and leading experts of this private enterprise acquainted participants of a seminar with technologies of cultivation of grapes applied by them. To them were presented for tasting of a cluster of the main grades grown up here – Florae, Arkadi, Kodryanki.
Cultivation of saplings in hothouses and in containers under a film at a drop irrigation gives the chance to wine-growers to prolong the period of a vysazhivaniye them in the field till the June, the first crop thus to receive for the second year after landing.
As a result of tests in "Agro-Yukos" found only the rational scheme of planting of bushes: 2,5 m between bushes and 3 m in row-spacings. According to such scheme here put a vineyard in the area of 20 hectares, and now bushes have enough food and light that clusters were powerful, berry – sweet, crops – stably high.
- I know, the temptation lined some wine-growers on the made narrower planting of bushes – N. G. Choropita explained. – Now repent … We consider that the narrow-rowed and condensed landing – is death of a vineyard.
On a course of survey of plantings owners of a vineyard showed to participants of a seminar as they mount system of a drop irrigation, do an exact marking by a lime under the drill.
When N. G. Choropita asked, what does he think of the imparted culture of grapes, he noticed that there are at them in the Dzhankoysky steppe such frosts after which to restore the imparted grape bushes it is impossible. And kornesobstvenny cut off on a black head and they are restored. There are, of course, grades which are necessary for imparting. But to be fond of an inoculation it is not necessary.
- Let my kornesobstvenny vineyard in twenty years perishes from a phylloxera, than imparted – in ten years from a cancer – he noticed.
Further on a seminar route buses delivered his participants in JSC Oktyabrskoye of the Krasnogvardeysky area.
- Look, here along the road vineyards last - the deputy minister of an agrarian policy of AR Crimea S. P. Pelagenko paid attention of participants of a seminar. – In 2000 when the old system of managing collapsed, they were on the verge of disappearance. And then local wine-growers left on the management of October wine and cognac plant with the offer to lease these vineyards. Joint efforts, thanks to self-denying work of people, these vineyards were restored.
Loaf of the bread baked from a flour of a new crop, wine-growers of JSC Oktyabrskoye welcomed guests. The head of this agricultural enterprise L.P.Drozhzhina told about all difficulties which should be overcome before the grapevine became again plodonosny.
When October wine – the cognac plant leased these vineyards, they weren’t processed five years. Rods, naturally, lost fertile force. To return grape bushes to life – a task to that time was very much even difficult as the economy of an economy was ailing. On 253 hectares – one tractor, even it was necessary to do weeding manually. But also in such conditions laborious work of peasants bore good fruits: in separate years it was possible to receive on 80 centners of solar berries from hectare. But there were winters when plantings partially, and even completely, froze. And all forces should be spent for their vostanolveniye.
Now society has vineyards, which from a sort in 40 years. It would be time to root out, but decided to wait a little: this restored still give on 60 centners of berries from hectare.
Vineyards of JSC Oktyabrskoye are transferred to a drop irrigation, the economy has now the equipment capable after scraps to crush a rod and to leave it on a vineyard as fertilizer, to carry out intersectional and interrow processing of the soil. It is possible to tell that technical providing the leader of branch of an economy nowadays up-to-date. And it, generally thanks to diligence of the investor – October wine – the cognac plant which has leased its vineyards. Cooperation their mutually advantageous: JSC Oktyabrskomu it gave the chance to develop production, and wine – the cognac plant has now a reliable source of raw materials. By the way, as more than once it was noted at meeting, nowadays without own source of raw materials is high-grade to develop production of wines to the Crimean wine makers not under force.
In a farm "Nectarine" the farmer S. V. Erpylev told about what way it went to narrow specialization and concentration in gardening and wine growing.
The farmer especially allocated grapes as insurance culture which rescued its economy from ruin during a time when in the winter froze, and then remained without a crop of planting of a peach.
S. Erpylev gives special attention to high-quality structure of a vineyard, the preference gives to grades of selection of Magaracha, especially table, with very high tasting assessment without what on the market with grapes to leave there is no sense.
The farmer and two more "hot" problems – absence of the real insurance and preferential long-term crediting mentioned. These problems, according to him, let’s to it achieve to these the old dream – to create garden vinogradorskuyu model with the developed infrastructure – cooling, storage, processing of fruit and grapes on a place. The structure such – is a big source of new workplaces, a way to intensive development of branch.
Final point of a route – the village Amur the Krasnogvardeysky area October wine – cognac plant.
Chairman of the board of L.L plant. Novikov conducts guests on viewing of capacities of plant, acquaints with new crushers, pumps, pressami, working in five modes and wringing out grape weight to dry a residue.
Two modernized lines of flood of wine were shown to participants of meeting also, guests led and to the fifth shop where blend cognacs. By the way, when tasting, oiliness, softness and an olive shade of cognac of brand of this plant caused admiration in tasters.
Technologists of plant in detail told gathered about technology of preparation of the cognacs which age already passed in twenty years.
Opening a plenary part of meeting, the vice-chairman of Council of ministers of AR Crimea N. P. Kolisnichenko noticed that often it is necessary to hear from krymchan a question: when we will stop to eat Turkish fruit and grapes when we will have fruit and grapes.
- It is sure that our such work – meetings, conversations, meetings, consultations of scientists and production workers will help to revive our Crimean gardens and vineyards – he told.
How to resist to reduction of the areas under gardens and vineyards that it is necessary to undertake in order that the wine-making enterprises worked at full capacity, that our Crimean wines warmed souls of the admirers at us in the Crimea, in the near and far abroad. These and other questions became a subject of detailed discussion at meeting.
V. PASHCHENKO.