In this article to attention of readers features of cultivation of KRS are given in Sweden.
Bondarenko V.
"Hamra" – a dairy farm belongs to the Swedish firm Laval on production of the cattle-breeding equipment. On a farm carry out researches, test new products and development of firm. At the same time it is training center where the personnel of the company and its clients have possibility personally to familiarize with all novelties. Annually the center receives to 3 thousand guests therefore last year this block was allocated in a separate kind of activity of firm and received the name "Conference center".
On a farm now – 232 cows with an average will bother 11,5 thousand kg/years. It is necessary to send some on a dead wood with a daily allowance I will bother in 25 kg.
As on a farm constantly pass experiments, for their purity the herd is divided into two half – with the fastened and besprivyazny contents. For the last the system of so-called voluntary milking, that is robots operates.
When the cow for the first time comes to a doyka, the video camera fixes all its actions, data are brought in the computer.
The robot itself clears an udder of a cow before milking. The first streams of milk leave in the sewerage. However, there the robot will pour out all milk if it appears not to the corresponding accepted parameters or if at a cow mastitis begins. In the course of milking the system is disconnected gradually, in process of a vydaivaniye of each share of an udder.
Recently Laval interested the staff of the company the reason of growth of orders for robots from the Danish farmers. It appeared, they buy them at insistance of the wives which want that husbands still had more time for a family.
In the beginning developed by experts Laval robots intended for farmers who contain till 60-70 cows. Now the company has the robots, capable to serve two-thousand herd. On delivery of such systems signed contracts some areas in Russia.
The firm Laval presented new generation of robots at which the counter of somatic cages is completely automated. It gives the chance to the producer of milk constantly and with high precision to trace quality of production and health of animals.
"Viken’s" farm – cattle center. Owner of a farm cooperative. On a farm the elite herd of the Swedish red and motley and black and motley cattle contains. Annually here buy the best young growth on all country select 100 decimestrial telok. Cost of everyone – 2 thousand euros. Red and motley inseminate sperm of bulls of the same breed, black and motley – a seed golshtinov.
The purpose of breeding work on a farm – to receive animals with excellent health and an exterior, steady against various diseases, with a lung the otely. Herd repair in a year makes 2/3 livestock.
Twice with an interval in four weeks at stylish animals wash away embryos which sell on other farms. In the third time the animal itself bears a calf. After otela it is possible to get a cow at half price.
Germs from the best second posterity, answering to the international quality standards, offer in the world market. Cows milk three times a day, average nady in a year – 12 thousands kg. All of them receive identical fodder mixes that it was easier to reveal genetic potential.
Selection of germs reduces an interval between generations.
Organic farm "Kortor" – a property of a family of Yanson. The farm is acquired in 1918. A farm hostess Yanson together with six sons operates. Brothers are engaged in cultivation of forage crops on 535 hectares of an arable land, and in cowsheds work five hired workers.
On a farm make non-polluting production. Rough forages make not less than 50 % in a diet. 90 % of forages – own production, and other 10 % are bought only from an organic farm where it is not applied neither pesticides, nor mineral fertilizers.
In a diet of cows – senazh, plyushcheny corn, barley. It is impossible to apply antibiotics to treatment of sick animals. Detergents in the milking Parallel hall can be used only such that enter into the special list resolved for organic farms. In the city of Skara development of the project which has received the name Lame cow was charged to scientists of Agrarian university within EU. This research in cowsheds of the floor coverings which are not injuring extremities of animals. "Kortor" became an experimental farm of university. Here on an investment of EU the new room for the maintenance of cattle is constructed. Stalls made wider, than in an old placement, and on 20 cm above manure pass. Laid them soft three-layer mats. In a word, nullified risk of traumas and stresses of animals. Care of comfort of the maintenance of animals – one of the major directions in work of the Swedish farmers.
O. Ryshkov, the adviser-organizer prepared.