In a note it is told about automatic control systems of agricultural cars which at their correct application make net profit. As a whole control systems help to lower variable expenses at the expense of increase in operational width of capture of tools.
Automatic control systems of agricultural cars at their correct application make net profit
Automatic control systems of agricultural cars at their correct application make net profit. However before making the decision on purchase of one system, it is necessary to analyse, whether the chosen device meets requirements for reliability operation, convenience of service and profitability.
Almost all widespread control systems include today global positioning of GPS. The most widespread is the NAVSTAR system. The current position of the operated car thus is defined on the basis of processing arriving on GPS - the receiver of coordinates and time of passing of signals at least from four satellites. Accuracy received thus makes about 5 m and is a configuration of a field accepted for definition without any subsequent correction, but insufficient for parallel driving. The signals of adjustment providing higher precision, paid. Their cost fluctuates within 1000 euros a year.
Modern control systems can be subdivided into three look: navigation assistants, navigation assistants and autopilots.
Navigation assistants don’t interfere with management process, and show to the driver by means of a display board a trajectory of movement and demand in need of manual adjustment.
Navigation assistants treat devices following, more the fine precision and almost completely releases the driver from management. The initial price of such devices makes about 10000 euros. Object of influence is the steering wheel, and the executive mechanism – a servomotor.
Autopilots are connected directly to hydrosystem of the mechanism of management and automatically hold a tractor on the set route. They have the maximum accuracy which is reflected in their price making at least 20000 euros. Active intervention of the driver in unit management by rotation of a steering wheel probably at any time.
Along with equipment on the basis of GPS now there is a number of systems of parallel driving of agricultural cars simple and independent of satellites: mechanical copiers – drivers, ultrasonic sensors and optical devices. On propashny cultures the plastic and metal copiers, capable to resist to high mechanical loadings are successfully applied. Automatic assistants to the driver on the basis of ultrasonic sensors or video cameras, it is modern development which are offered firms "Agroky" and "Raykhkhardt". Their advantage in comparison with GPS is that they have no problems with exhibiting of radio-waves, errors and can do without expensive services of correction of signals.
Almost all control systems existing now can realize three ways of movement (in a straight line, on a curvilinear contour, around). New systems completely will force out soon at carrying out field works traditional sledoukazatel, such as mechanical markers, penomarker and figurative measured bars: they are much more exact, they can be used and at night, they are suitable almost for all types of works and can often even directly be used for management of car.
To make the unequivocal conclusion about profitability of systems of parallel driving, it is required to consider parameters of all enterprise as a whole, it means that it is necessary to carry out individual calculations taking into account loading of systems, the directions of a production activity of an economy, its sizes and MTP structure. Specifically possible economy is defined by working operation, width of capture and speed of movement of the tool, and also visibility conditions.
Control systems proved the practical suitability, and accuracy reached at their uses consider quite satisfactory. Pritsezionnye systems are however expensive. As a whole, control systems help to lower variable expenses at the expense of increase in operational width of capture of tools.
Systems with accuracy about 30 cm depending on a type of operation and visibility conditions can already bring considerable economic effect.
(On magazine materials New agricultural industry)