Composed qualities
In the world of rather sovremenyony equipment capable obespechit an exact dosage of a vnoyosimy preparation, its ravnoyomerny distribution on an obrayobatyvayemy surface, horoyoshy penetration into crops or krone (penetration), vysoyoky or quite sufficient extent of sedimentation of drops.
But to receive wished rezultat, it is necessary to achieve a combination optimum effekta with considerable snizheyoniy drift of drops and preparation demolition.
Under drift of drops ponimaetsya a condition when drops, zayoryazhenny chemical means of protection of plants (SZR), don’t reach target poverxnosti, and at the expense of vetyorovy demolition and thermal influence are carried away. Pollution and damage of soyosedny cultures, pollution of reservoirs, an otravyoleniye of people and zhivotyony can be consequences of it. The reason drejfa, except a condition spraying tekhyonik, serve the size of drops, speed of a dviyozheniye of the unit, dispersion height, speed of a wind, temperature and humidity of air.
Advantages on the party of the injector…
Actually more than 90 % of isyopolzuyemy means of protection of plants are brought with an ispolzoyovaniye of sprays, otlichayushhixsya among themselves osobenyonost of that of other an opryskivayoniya.
Ploskostruyny raspyliyotel. It is characterized as universal. Depending on pressure and calibre dostigaetsya small and srednedispersny, and also partially krupnoyodispersny dispersion. Its target use for a sniyozheniye of drift of drops probably only at pressure to 2,5 atm. and at speed of a wind to 3 m/s.
For a krupnokapelny obrayobotka sprays of a seyoriya AD having in a range of pollination average and krupnokapelny fixing are created. It pozvolyaet is reliable to work at a wind skoyorost to 4 m/s and at neyobolshy doses of introduction preparata.
Injector sprays which have a range of dispersion of drops from averages to the very large use the increasing popularity. Devices it is possible for Tayokimi opryskivat plants at speed of a wind to 5 m/s and to reduce drift of drops to 90 % otnosiyotelno a referensny ploskostyoruyny spray.
Injector sprays share on the sizes on the compact and traditional long.
Compact products work in the field of low davyoleniye better. That is provide spraying with the reduced drift, possible at a davyoleniye to 2,5 atm. Further increase of pressure leads to crushing of drops.
Long injector rasyopylitel possess the same kayochestvo, but in much bigger range of pressure that expands area of their priyomeneniye. Speed of a lateral wind to 5 m/s and the increased speed of movement of an opryskivayotel don’t make serious hindrances.
Drop drop – discord
Any spray at opyoredelenny pressure creates drops of various size. An important indicator is frequency of distribution of the size of drops on frakyotsiya. As the main pokazayotel of dispersion of dispersion serves diametr a thaw.
The size of drops of an injector spray approximately twice more than at ordinary devices.
AD spray goes the following on these pokazayotel. Dispersion of compact inyozhektorny nozzles at nizyoky pressure in krupnokapelyyony area is close to pokazatelyam long injector at respectively more high pressures. Dispersion with a bigger share of drops of razmeyory less than 200 microns under neblayogopriyatny weather conditions is subject to demolition or termiyochesky evaporation. Such danger increases with reduction of the size of drops and decrease in their speed in a stream.
Main criteria
According to trebovaniyami a BBA standard (German federal biological committee) and close to it to requirements of the European norms, it is necessary to fulfill the following requirements.
The first. Each raspyliyotel should create a ravnoyomerny form of dispersion which can change tolko under the influence of external vozyodeystviye.
The second. It should have accurate marking with ukazaniyoy type, the size and a raspyyoleniye corner, and also a color kodiyorovaniye of a standard size.
The third. The expense of a separate spray shouldn’t otklonyatsya on a plus-minus of 10 % from tabular value and thus not exceed a plus-minus of 5 % of a deviation from an average a znacheyoniya.
The fourth. At installation on a bar the indicator of a ravnomeryonost of distribution of liquid on width of capture in the specified range of pressure (koefficient variations) shouldn’t exceed 5 % at bench isyopytaniye and 9 % at test on a sprayer.
The fifth. The size of drops in fakele dispersions without an ispolzovayoniya of additional resources of sedimentation of drops can’t be less than 115 microns for a pokayozatel U010.
The latent defects of an opyoryskivatel negatively skazyvayutsya on economic pokayozatel of the enterprise. Overdoses or a preparation nedovneseniye at vyyosoky unevenness conduct Posledyostvy to decrease in productivity, a povyorezhdeniye or a full otmiyoraniye of agricultural cultures, and also to environmental pollution.
To the most frequent defects revealed at technical inspections, the neravnoyomerny expense, a neudovletvoriyotelny cross-section raspredeyoleniye of liquid, inadmissible leaks on gate-type valves belong.
Ecological canons
In many European countries legislatively prinyaty instructions on a primeneyoniya SZR serving for protection of reservoirs, afforestations, fauny. Admissible distances to reservoirs and afforestations can be reduced in zavisimosti from toxicity of preparations and use of equipment, sertifiyotsirovanny as "antisnosovy".
Here inzhektoryony sprays which are classified on the basis of stability of drift otnosiyotelno usual ploskostruyyony sprays on classes with 50, 75 and 90 percent a snizheyoniya of drift of drops belong.
For obtaining high bioyologichesky efficiency of an obyorabotka it is necessary to put an opredeyolenny dose of a preparation on a target surface. It can be reached by means of preyotsizionny sprays with exact dispensing and ravnoyomerny distribution of a zhidyokost. Possibility of krupnokayopelny injector raspyyolitel of the LD series to receive at norms of introduction of 200 l/hectares and is higher preparation drawing in enough, at good uniformity and a penetration, received mnogokyoratny confirmation in vremya long-term issledovayotelsky and field works. Stoit to note that fact that blagodarya to drift reduction, a large number of a preparation settles on target poverxnosti. For good processing it is necessary to watch for podderzhaniyoy a recommended range of pressure – 4-6 atm. The Veroyatyonost of subsidence of drops on surface work-nosmachivayemye at application of injector sprays more than when using the usual plosyokostruyny.
Work with a guarantee
Krupnokapelnye inzhektoryony sprays are segodnya a standard of a high kayochestvo of spraying. Blagodarya to decrease in drift to 90 % the maximum of an ispolyyozovaniye of potential of pesticide on a target surface is reached.
Work possibility at adverse weather usyoloviya and speed of a wind to 5 m/s raises a sprayer proizvoditelyyonost, sokrashhaet processing time.
Application of injector sprays at optimalyyony pressure (4-6 atm) pozvolyaet to reach the maximum efyofektivnost of herbicides and fungicidov at the expense of the best a precipitation of drops. On remote surfaces, the lower part of a stalk or bottom poverxnosti a leaf provides the best to a deposit, than when using other sprays.
When processing long-term plantings injector ploskostruyny sprays work most effectively, than standard polokonusny sprays. They provide more vysoyoky density of a covering, so – and wider vozmozhnosti carrying out effective, high-efficiency and odyonovremenno ecologically bezoyopasny processing.
(On newspaper materials To Fermerska a hospodariate).